a#mrQk`nR v#sQyn~@gn~ smh@rk~ wmn~ pQtsk~vl jWvWn~ vQsQn~ p#h#r@gn gQy bv pvswQ. e~ @b`@h`~ @qn` kQyn~@n~ pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ vQsQn~ @m| p#h#r g#nWm sQqEk@L~ r`wQY@y~qW wmn~ nQn~@q~ sQtQn vQt bvy.

@m@s~ pQtsk~vl jWvWn~ vQsQn~ p#h#r@gn gQy` y#yQ kQyn pRq~glyQn~ pQLQb[v a#mrQk`@v| @dn~vr\ hQ pQhQtQ a#mrQk`nR vQq&`xQvr\{n sAgmy vQsQn~ psRgQyq` prWk~;Nyk~ pvw~v` a#w.

pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ vQsQn~ p#h#r@gn ynR l#bRv` y#yQ kQyn pRq~gl@yk~ bW.bW.sW r$pv`hQnQyt pYk`X kr a#w~@w~ ohR kQhQpvQtk~m pQtsk~vl jWvQn~t ayw~ y`nykt @g`d vR bvw~ em jWvQn~ vQsQn~ wm`@g~ XrWry wOL jWvQ kLlyk~q w#n~pw~ kL bvw~y. @mm kLly psRv ovRn~ vQsQn~m ivw~ krgw~ bvq em pRq~gly` pYk`X kr a#w.

prWk~;NvlqW @s`y`@gn a#wQ a`k`ryt a#mrQk`nR v#sQyn~ mQlQyn hwrk~ wmn~ pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ vQsQn~ p#h#r@gn yn lq#yQ pYk`X kryQ. @k@s~ @vww~ @m| kw`v vQq&`Z@y`~ vQX~v`s @n`krwQ.

@m| pQLQb[v prWk~;N pvw~vn h`r\vr\d| vQX~v vQq&`l@y~ mh`c`r\y rQcr\d| m#k~h#lW pYk`X krn~@n~ @mv#nQ mw pYk`X krn @b`@h`~ @q@nkO nQn~q @n`y`m pQLQb[ ar\bRqykt mRhRN qW a#wQ bvyQ.

e@mn~m @m| ay blvw~ m`nsQk ashnykt pw~v sQtQn bvw~ mh`c`r\yvry` pYk`X kryQ.

@k@s~ @vww~ p#h#rgw~ ay pQLQb[ prWk~;N p#v#w~vR @dn~vr\ vQq&`xQvr\{n sAgm@y~ prWk~;kyn~ pvsn~@n~ @m| pRq~gl@y`~ wmn~@g~ mw@y~ wr@y~m eLB sQtQn bvy.

vQytQn`m| j`wQk pXS @@vq&vr@yk~ wmn~@g~ aw~q#kWm| kQyn~nt pr\@y~;N`g`ryt a`vhm ohR@g~ h^q s~pn~qny @b`@h`~ @syQn~ ihL gQy` bl` i[Qq~qWm q`dQy gln~n ptn~gw~w`. a#w~wtm blvw~ xWwQykt pw~vRNR pRq~glykOt h#@rn~n @m@hm @qyk~ @vn~@n~ n#h#. pr\@y~;k@y`~ s[hn~ krwQ.

pQtsk~vl jWvQn~@g~ gYhNyt asRvR s$m pRq~glykOm p`@h~ sQy aw~q#kWm| pYk`X krn vQt vQytQn`m| @@vq&vry` @ls vQvQ{ aphsRw`vyn~t lk~v wQ@b|.

@k@s~ @vww~ yRq~{yt shx`gQ vR @s`l~q`qEvn~, smhr#n~t psR k`l@y~qW a#wQvn m`nsQk a`b`{ h` sm`n m`nsQk ww~w~vyn~t @mm pQtsk~vl jWvQn~t @g`qEr# vR ay mRhRN @qn bv @s`y`@gn wQ@b|.

@m@s~ pQtsk~vl jWvWn~@g~ g

YhNyt asRvRv`y#yQ kQyn ay sQylE @qn`m @@vq&vr# hmRvn~nt @g`s~ wmn~@g~ @r`~g pWd`vn~ g#n s[hn~ krwQ. e~ sQyl~l g#n s[hn~ krn ovRn~ pvsn~@n~ @m|v`t @h~wOv pQtsk~vl v#sQyn~ vQsQn~ wmn~ p#h#rg#nWm bvyQ.

mh`c`r\y rQcr\d| m#k~h#lQ pvsn~@n~ @mv#nQ sQq~{Wn~ pQLQb[v n#vw n#vw mwk~ kQrWm nQs` e~ pRq~glyQn~ wvqErtw~ m`nsQk vX@yn~ q#dQ pWdnykt lk~vn bvy.

pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ y#yQ kQy` gn~n` pQrQsk~ sQtQn~@n~q#yQ smhr# pYX~n krwQ. smhr# kQyn~@n~ ey mQ}&`vk~m vn bvyQ. nmRw~ "@r\lQyn~" (s^$K;~x) kN~d`ym pvsn~@n~ pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ sQtQn bvyQ. ovRn~ kQyn~@n~ @m@l`v mnR;& vr\gy`q bQhQkrnR l#bR@v| pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ vQsQn~ bvy. @mm @r\lQyn~ kN~d`y@m| n`yky` "s^$K" w#n#w~w` 1973 @qs#m|br\ m`s@y~ ek~ uq$snk pYAX@y~ pY`@q~XWy ngryk~ vn k~@lr\@m`n~tQ @frn~d| @vw @g`s~ wQ@b|. e~ k`l@y~ ohR@g~ nm k~@l`d| @v`rQ@h`n~ vQy. hqQsQ@y~m @m`hR em ngr@y~ gQnQ kn~qk~ aslt @g`s~ a#w.

ehQqW r`@yl~t pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ hmRv wQ@b|. pQy`Bn pWrQsQykQn~ p#mQN a#wQ @m| pQtsk~vl jWvQ@yk~ em y`n@yn~ bQmt b#s r`@yl~ amw` a#w. em jWvQy` cwOr @ls pYAX x`;`v x`vQw` kr a#w. ehQqW em jWvQy` pvs` a#w~@w~ @m| @p`@l`v mw mnR;& vr\gy` bQhQkrn lq~@q~ a@nk~ @l`~kyk jWvQn~ pQrQsk~ vQsQn~ bvy. ey sQqEkrn lq~@q~ vQq&`g`ryk bvw~ r`@yl~t pvs` a#w. ohR pvsn a`k`ryt @m| pQtsk~vl jWvQy` mWtryk~ pmN usy. @k`Lp`t smk~ a#w. qQg#tQ q$sk~ a#wQ awr qQk~vR hQs@ks~vlQn~ yRk~wy.

@k@s~ nmRw~ pQtsk~vl jWvQn~ g#n wr@y~m vQX~v`sy wbn @r\lQyn~ kN~d`ymt q#n~ @l`vpRr` 40,000 kt a{Qk s`m`jQk sAK&`vk~ a#w. @m| kN~d`ym psRgQyq` @l`v pLmR k~@l`~n qr#v`q @l`vt bQhQkL awr em qr#v` g#h#NR qr#vkO vR awr a#@g~ nm "Iv|" vQy. e@hw~ @m@wk~ apt Iv|@g~ r$pyk~ @h`~ q#k g#nWmt @n`h#kQ vWm kNg`tRvt kr#NkQ. @r\lQyn~ kN~d`y@m| qr\Xny hWb^^ a`gm h` sm|bn~{w`vk~ qk~vyQ. em nQs`m @m`vRn~t IXY`yl@y~ nv k`r\y`lyk~ vQv^w kQrWmt avX& vW wQ@b|.

@l`~k@y~ pQtsk~vl y`n` s#bvQn~m qEtR pRq~gl@y`~q @vwQ. 1980 @qs#m|br\ 27 v#nQq` a#mrQk`nR gOvn~ hmRq` nQL{`rQn~ vQsQn~ qk~n` lq pQy`Bn pWrQs~ pQLQb[ vQs~wr v`r\w`v nm| kr a#w~@w~ "vQs~wr @n`kL h#kQ eLQy" nmQnQ. em y`ny qEtR lRwQnn~ kr\nl~ c`l~s~ ayQ @h`l~tQ pYk`X kr a#w~@w~ em pQy`Bn pWrQsQ@yn~ rwOp`t hQr# eLQy v#nQ a@l`~kyk~ vQhQqENR bvy.