kOmn kOr#U rj qhn

p`nm hn~qQ@y~ i[l k#dRNR bQ[ENR p`rvl~ @b`~k~kO vQl~lE kLpR h` mdvLvl~ os~@s~ p#yk @qkk gmnk~ ktQt av|@v| a`pR gm@n~ vQd`v o|kn~q v#v ayQ@n~ gs~ @hvN ytqW qEr#@vl` gQ@y~ hrQyt hQr# qEtR pQNQ v@g~. alE@wn~ pQrQl iwQrQl ipQ@lmQn~ v#v| ivRrt b#t @qn jl wly pQs@gn hm` a#vQw~ a#M q#v@tn sWwl sRLA rFlQ e~ wrmtm snWpyQ.

apQ gQmn~ hrQmQn~ sQtQ@y~ p`nm sQt kOmn yn gm@n~qW gm@n~ hrQ adk~ gQy w#n hmRvn o|kn~q v#v ayQ@n. v#vt a@nk~ psQn~ wQbR@N~ kOmn

rFkbl` gn~n` vnjWvW nQl{`rWn~ hQtQn o|kn~q k`r\y`ly. e~ k`r\y`l@y~ @s~vy kL nQl{`rWn~ iw` ik~mnQn~ ap smM kOUpg vRN`. e~ awr hQtQ dW. gONsQAh nm| pYQymn`p kOUpg mQnQs` ew#n~ ptn~ ap gmn~ sgy` bvtw~ pw~ vRN`.

gONsQAh k`l@y~ v#lQwl`@vn~ v#sW@g`s~ wQbRN kOmn pQLQb[ m@g~ awWw mwk sthn~ yLQw~ mwOkr alEw~ krn~nt smw~ vR @k@nk~. ohR 1981 pmN vR awWw@y~ m@g~ p`sl~ k`ly @wk~ m` mwky p#h#r @gn gQy`.

evkt m` ps~sr m{& mh` vQq&`l@y~ 6 @h`~ 7 vs@r\ i@gnRm l#bR XQ;&@yk~.

hQtQ h#tQ@y~m apQ awrt @y`~{@yk~ v#nQ XQ;&@yk~ p#mQN asRn~gw~ h#tQ mt @h`[t mwkyQ. ohR p#mQNQ@y~ kOmn sQt. nm kOlrw~n.

kOmn gm g#nw~ gmt en ls~sn, ls~sn kOr#l~ln~ g#nw~ alQ @k`tQ vg vlsRn~ g#nw~ apt nRhRr# nRpRr#qE kw` nQwr nQwr kQy`qEn~ kOlrw~n ap k` awrw~ kOUpg mQwOrkO vn~nt v#dQ klk~ gw vR@N~ n#h#. kOmn jWvw~ @vn kOU hr@kk~ h` sm svQbl sQr#rk~ wQbRN nQs` kOlrw~nt a`q@r\t kvRr#w~ "kOmn kOl`" y#yQ kQyn~nt vRN`.

kOl` hQtQ@y p`s@l~ @h`s~tl~ e@k~. kOl`v bln~n kOmn i[l m`sykt vrk~vw~ m`m` @k@nk~ a#vQw~ gQy`. mW kQrQ, mW p#nQ sh wv @n`@ykOw~ @q~vl~ brt b@r\ us~s@gn en @m| m`m` p`s@l~ k` awrw~ kOl`@g~ m`m` @ls jnpYQy vRN`. kOl`v bln~nt eq` e@s~ a`v gQy m`m` aq dW. gONsQAh nmQn~ vnjWvQ sArk;N nQl{`rQykO @ls hmRvWm @k`wrm| apRr# hmRvWmk~q.

"kO@l~w~ q#n~ in~@n vn jWvW e@k~ myQ. q#n~ m`qEr#oy v#d. 89 qW @k`tQ krqr nQs` apQ ok~@k`tm gm q`l yn~n vRn`. aq kOmn kQyn~@n~ kOr#l~@l`yQ kQBRl~lEyQ sw~wOyQ vQwrk~ in~n p`U gm|m`nyk~.

v#sQ vwOrt h$rW v`rQm`r\gyk~ bvt pw~ asWr# gmn~ mg os~@s~ kOmn yn gm@n~qW kOl`@g~ m`m` qQgO kw`n~qryk~ e@s~ @ktQ@yn~ kQy` p$@v|y. in~ psRv ohR uw~sRk vR@n~ gmn~ m@g~ qW hmRvn w#n~ pQLQb[v ap q#nRvw~ kQrWmtyQ.

o|kn~q phR@vl` o|kn~q @vlw~ phR vRN`m ILt hmRvn~@n~ "@y`~{ lQp" kQyn w#n. is~sr k`@l @y`~{@y`~ @m| lQ@p~ uy`@gn k$vyQ kQyl mwyk~ mQnQs~sR wOL wQ@ynv`.

hrQytm lQpk~ y#yQ sQwQy h#kQ ekh` sm`n @b`~l gl~ wOnk~ sm`n qErkQn~ pQhQt` a#wQ w#nk e~ awrQn~ yn gmn~ gONsQAh mhw` pRr`v^w~wyk~ vQs~wr kL`. e~w~ ek~km ohR kOmn gm g#nw~ awWw kw`vk~ kQv|v`.

"a@p~ gm h#qE@n @b`@h`m is~sr. 1818 @vl~ls~s k#rFl~l k`@l~. It klQn~ sQAhl rj k`@l m`gm|pRr r`j{`rQy pQhQtl` wQ@yn~@n~w~ @m| pL`@w~. e~ bvt s`k;Q @m| k#@l~ h#m w#nm wQ@ynv`. ps~@s jn XOn& @vl` k#@l~t yt@vl`. 1818 qW iAgYWsQ a`N~dRv @vl~ls~@s~ jn sAh`ry krn @k`t e~@kn~ @b|@rn~n wmyQ a@p~ mRwOn~ mQw~@w`~ k#@l~ pWr@gn a#vQw~ @m| gmt v#qQl` wQ@yn@n~. an~wQ@m| a@p~ gm| mQnQs~sRn~@g~ mhn~sQ@yn~m s~vAy @p`~;Qw gmk~ vRN`. sQAhl pvRl~ 40 k~ vQwr jWvw~ vRN`. @g`vQw#n~ bw~ kL`. 10 pn~wQy @wk~ ugn~nn is~@k`~lyk~ wQbRN`. q#n~ oy @m`kk~vw~ n#h#.

psRgQy qQnvl mqQ@n`kQyn~nt vt v#s~@sn~ @m| vn rj qh@n~ gh @k`L nv qU ml~ l` swOtQn~ ipQlQl` gQhQn~. a#l @q`L v#v| @p`kONR pQrQl. e~ v`@yhQ ps~ pQyRm| pQpQl`. b#lR b#lR h#m p#w~wm @k`L p`tyQ. kOr#l~@l`~ sh sw` sWp`@v`~ @m| prQsr@y uq~q`myt pw~@vl` bv nQs#kyQ.

o|kn~q@vl, gQrQkOl, @y`~{ lQp, alQy` vl, b`gOr klpRv, kOd`vQl, wOm|mRl~l, an~qrgl, itQkl, y`kl psRkrmQn~ vQ@X~;Z @@vq& @q`s~wr @h~mn~w @p@r\r`@g~ pY`@d`~ vr\g@y~ jWp~ r}y iqQrQyt a#qEn`. ehQqW b`gOr itQkl kOd`vQl wNpQtQvl wN kmQn~ sQtQ @nw snhn @l`kO mRv rAcR bQ@y~ I@y~ @v|g@yn~ k#l$ vqQn~nt vRN`. qh @q`@L`s~ @qn` sQtQ vl~ u_r# rAcR s#@nkQn~ @n`@pnW gQy`.

@m| sw~wO q#n~ v`hnvlt, mQnQs~sRn~t byyQ. phRgQy avRr#qE qhy @q`Lh a#wOLw @k`c|cr nm| @m| ahQAsk sw~wO mrn~n a#q~q. is~sr b`gOr klpRv ayQ@n mR@v`~ 2500 k vQwr rAcRvk~ in~nv`. q#n~ un~v mrn~ k`l` ek p`r ec|cr @l`kO rAcRvk~ bl`gn~n b#h#. q#n~ oy itQkl klpRv hrQ@y 100 k vQwr rAcRvk~ hmR@vnv`. unRw~ mQnQs~ iv v#tRNR gmn~ k#l$ vqQnv`.

apQ kOmn kOr#U p`r`qWsyt @g`dvRN`. s`yk~k`ry`, hAsk`v`, p#s~brwOdRv` v#nQ @y`~{ pYm`N@y~ kOr#l~ln~ qhs~ gNnk~ ek @r`w~wt @m| @l`@v| @k`wnk qW nm| q#kgw h#kQ q#yQ mt sQwON`.

@m| vQl~lE@v| gs~vl kOr#U vr\g 30 k~ vQwr kSdR hq`@gn jWvw~ @vnv`. smhr kOr#l~@l`~ pQtrt vlQn~ ek ek k`lvlt @mh`t env`. phRgQy klbl k`@l nm| kOr#l~@l`~ hRMk~ adR@vl` wQbRN`. psRgQy avRr#qE 10 k 12 k k`@l a@p~ k`r\y`l wQbR@N n#h#. ms~ v#q~@q` v`hn vlQn~ a#vQw~ byk~ s#kk~ n#wOv sw~wO mr`@gn gQy`. s`yk~k`ry`, p#s~brwOdRv` hAsk`v` v@g~ sw~wO bQw~wr q`n kSdR LMtm gQhQn~ p#tv| al~l@gn mrl plE krl @v|lnv`. p#tQ@yk~ kQv|v`t e@kk~ kQ@l`~vk~ @qkk~ vQwr ms~ wQynv`. mrl @v|ll @b`~tQtR vl ptvl ak~k@r\pw~wO p#w~wt arn~ ynv`. phRgQy k`@l e~k @l`kO v&`p`ryk~. mRv`, @g`~n` v@g~ sw~wO phRgQy k`@l pRqEm vQqQyt v[ vRN`. mRhR@qn~ a#vQw~ tk~g`l sw~wO mr`@gn ptvn~ ynv`. q#n~ nm| apQ m`U al~ln mQnQs~sRn~tvw~ o|kn~q k`r\y`l@yn~ @mh`t en~n @qn~@n~ n#h#. e~w~ wvmw~ mRhR@qn~ @b`~tQtRvl kOmnt a#vQw~ sw~wO mr`@gn yn ay@gn~ @b|rQl~lk~ n#h#. apt al~ln~n am`r#yQ. o|kn~q k`r\y`l@y~ apQ in~@n~ hy@qnyQ. e~ pQrQs @h`[tm mqQ.

a#yQ m`U al~ln mQnQs~sRn~t en~n @n`@qn~@n~...? mm a#hRv`.

"m`U al~lnv` kQyl smhr# a#vQw~ qdym| krnv`. anQw~ awt pQtQn~ a#vQw~ @m| vQl~lEvl v#v|vl m`U al~ln~n ptn~gw~w`m kOr#l~ln~t k$m n#wQ@vnv`. @m| kOr#l~@l` in~@n un~t a`rk;`vyQ k$myQ wQynv` nm| vQwryQ."

kOmn vQl~lE@v| h` qRp@w~ h#m p#w~@wm kOr#l~@l`. e~ kOr#l~@l` smhr# mh vQX`l evRn~. smh@rk~ gQrv| wrmt kOdyQ. e~ e@kk~ @gn~ e@kk~ @vn~ krl h[En` gn~nt wrm| kOr#l~ln~ pQLQb[ m@g~ q#nRm @p`@h`sw~ n#h#. nmRw~ ap smM sQtQ vsn~w` @p@r\r` mhw~mQy q#k bl`gw~ kOr#l~ln~ wQs~ gNnk l#yQs~wOvk~ sks~ kr wQbRN`. kOr#l~ln~ pQLQb[ wrmk~ @h`[ q#nRmk~ wQbRN a#y in~ @b`@h`~ @qnkO lAk`vtm a`@v|nQk v[vW yn kOr#l~ln~ bv h[En` gw~w`. bW. gONsQAh mhw` q a#@g~ aqhs~ whvRr# kL`.

kOmn q#n~ mhjnw`vt vQv^w vRN w#nk~. q#n~ a`@yw~ mQnQs~sRn~t e~ nQqhs l#bQl`. e~w~ gmn nm| wrmk~ qE;~kryQ. qE;~kr vRNw~ ls~sn @q~vl~ bln~n kvRq akm#wQ. qEk~ vQ[@gn v`hn kd`@gn qEr kwr @gv`@gn prQsr@y~ sRn~qrw~vy bln~n mQnQs~sR kOmn v@g~ pL`w~ vlt yn~@n e~kyQ.

sw` sWp`v`t gh @k`L vlt prQsryt a`qry krn mQnQs~sR nm| kOmnt @k`c|cr gQyw~ @m`kq... e~w~ @m@hm yn h#@m`~m e~ h#m @qyktm a`qry krnvq kQyn ekyQ apt pYX~@n. @k`@h`mq apQ @m| @q@g`l~@l`~ @vn~krl h[En` gn~@n~.

n#@gnhQr qQs`v x`r vn jWvW nQ@y`~j& a{&k; @k~. e~. amrwOAg mhw`t s~wSwQyQ.