@m| @k`tQ pYk`Xk a#n~tn~ b`lsQAhm| vQsQn~ agm#wQ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh @vw apYQ@yl~ 21 v#nQ qQn yvn lq lQpQ@y~ s`ryyQ. a#w~wtm q#n~ sQqEvn~@n~ kOmk~q? @mv#nQm lQpQyk~ vW. pYx`krn~ vQsQn~ 1995 apYQ@yl~ 17 q` evkt jn`{QpwQv sQtQ cn~qYQk` kOm`rwOAg m#wQnQyt yvnlq awr eyt psRq` p`n~qr ohR vQsQn~ yLQw~ vQv^wvm yRq~{yt avwWr\N vQy. @mvrw~ ohR yRqvqWq? n#w~nm| @my hRqE wr\jnyk~ pmNk~q? yLQ s`kc|C` a#r@B|q? agm#wQ rnQl~ kQrWmt yn~@n~ kOmk~q? yLQ stn~ vQv^wvm a#wQvRv@h`w~ rttw~ sm`jytw~ kOmn ww~w~vyk~ uq`@vyQq? a#w#m| xQk~;Rn~ vhn~@s~ InQy` s`m @v@Ln~qnRw~ kQyn @ls @m`nv` hrQ lb`qW @k`tQn~v s`kc|C`@v|m wQy`gnQmRq? @m| sQyl~l sQAhlyQn~ vQsQn~ ik~mnQn~m vQs[`gw yRwO an`gw cQwYyk @k`ts~y.

n#vw s`kc|C` s[h` pQvQsWmt nm| @k`n~@q~sQ hwrk~ itRvQy yRwO bv @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny kQyyQ. in~ pLmRv#n~n nm| y`pn@y~ a{Q a`rk~;Qk kl`p ivw~ kQrWmy. @qv#n~n mRhRqE sWm` nQr\Ny h` mRhRqE @k`tQ nQl hmRq`vk~ @ls pQLQ g#nWmy. wOn~v#n~n j`w&n~wr smRU vlqW lAk`vt h` lAk` a`N~dRvt sm`n ww~w~vyk~ @qmL ILmt h` @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyt lb`qWmy. e@s~ lb`qQy @n`h#kQ smRUvlt shx`gW vW@mn~ lAk` a`N~dRv v#lkWmq eyt a#wOOlw~y. sQv|@vnRv lAk`vt iqQrQ @wvsrk~ s[h` l#@bn vQ@q~X Ny vlQn~ s`wQXy bhRwry uwOr# h` n#@gnhQr @qmL jny` @v@sn pY@q~X sAvr\{nyt @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny hrh` vQyqm| kQrWmy.

@m| @k`n~@q~sQ agm#wQ rnQl~ itR kLq @n`kLq e~v` ekQn~ ek @gn s`kc|C` kQrWm iw` v#qgw~y.

InQy` stn~ vQr`m gQvQsRmt @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny pQvQsW@m| ek~ yRq armRNk~ vR@y~m stnQn~ jygw @n`h#kQ vR y`pny, vvRnQy`v, wYQkON`mly, mn~n`rm h` mdklpRv a`qW jn`kWr\N mQnQs~ @k~n~qYyn~ wm p`lny ytwt g#nWmy. ehQqW vQ@X~;@yn~ ovRnt y`pny v#qgw~ vn~@n~ ey v#dQm @qmL jnw`vk~ jWvw~vn ngry nQs` @h`~ ovRn~ kQyn prQqQ @qmL sAs~k^wQ@y~ @k~n~qYs~}`ny vWm nQs`m @n`@v|. 1995 qW ey rFkg#nWmt kL stnQn~q, 2000 qW ey n#v#w al~l` g#nWmt kL stnQn~q pr`jy vW@m| a`w~m pr`jy vsA krg#nWmtq @k`tQn~t avX& nQs`y. vn~nQ@y~ wmn~@g~ a{Qa`rk~;k kl`p vl m`yQmt @h`~ yn a`rk~;k hmRq` @sbUn~ G`wny krn @k`tQ y`pn@y~ a{Q a`rk~;k kL`p ivw~ kQrWm sQy prm armRNk~ kr@gn a#w~@w~ e~ nQs`y.

@k`tQ kQyn~@n~ @qs#m|br\ ms 5 v#nQq` os~@l`~hQqW a#wQvR InQy` s`kc|C`vt@y~qW lAk` a`N~dR@v| nQ@y`~jQwyQn~ @qs#m|br\ 24 q`t @pr y`pn@y~ a{Qa`rk~;Qw kl`p ivw~kr g#nWmt @p`@r`n~qE vR bvy. @my psRv @qs#m|br\ 18 q` p#v#wQ a`rk~;k aAX h` @k`tQ awr a#wQvR s`kc|C`vkqW kr#N` vQsQn~ pYX~N krn lq awr uwO@r\ a`Z`pwQ srw~ @p`n~@s~k` mhw` vQsQn~ wr@y~ pYwQk~@;~p krn lq~qkQ. ehQqW hmRq` aAX pYk`X krn~@n~ a`N~dRv @k`tQn~ @p`@r`n~qE lb`qW a#w~@w~ wmn~@g~ kQsQm aqhs~ vQmsWmkQn~ @n`vn bvy. @pdrl~ kYmyk~ g@v|;Ny kQrWm pQLQb[ @ewQh`sQk ekMw`vykt @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny p#mQNQ bvt a`N~dRv @l`~ky`t pm|@p`~rQ g#sR@v| ytQn~ a{Q a`rk~;k kl`p ivw~krg#nW@m| ekMw`vyk~ wQbRNR nQs` bv p#h#qQlQy. os~@l`~ s`kc|C`vlQn~ psR m`s phk~ gwvW a#ww~ @pdrl~ kYmy g#n ek v`k&yktvw~ a`N~dRvtw~ @k`tQn~tw~ ekMvWmt @n`h#kQvR@y~ nQrn~wr@yn~m @k`tQ vQsQn~ eyt @pr a{Q a`rk~;k kl`p ivw~ kQrWm @k`n~@q~sQyk~ @ls iqQrQpw~ kQrWm nQs`y. a{Q a`rk~;k kl`p pQLQb[v uwO@r\ a`Z`pwQ@g~ mwy m`{& vQsQn~ pYclQw vWm nQs` @hmQn~ sWr#@v| tQkQn~ tQk a{Q a`rk~;k kl`p ivw~ kQrW@m| a`N~dR@v| s#l#s~m shmRlQn~m avRl~vQy. ILMt swQs~ nm|bQy`r\ @qst a`N~dRv h#r#NRR nmRw~ ohR@g~ v`r\w`@v| @k`tsq sQhL ur#my vQsQn~ klQn~m m`{&vlt lb` qWm nQs` a`N~dR@v| ekW s#l#s~m q avRl~vQy. a{Q a`rk~;k kl`p ivw~ kQrWmt a`N~dRv gn~n` kvr kYQy`m`r\gyk~ vRvq XYW lAk` hmRq` smg q j`wQ@y~ a`rk~;`v smgq ekt g#@tn bv q#n~ p#h#qQlQy. ev#nQ psRbQmk~ wQbRNq rnQl~ pYmRK rt p`v` @qn @k`L @k`tQ kl~lQy vQsQn~ y`pn@y~ a{Q a`rk~;Qw kl`p@yn~ 30% k~ el~. tW. tW. I. yt lb`qWmt @m| vn vQt k#m#w~w pL kr a#w. e~ @q~X@qY`~hQ wWn~qEv hrh` Z`nm| h` sRx`;~ @h`~tl a#wOUv s~}`n 45 k~ @k`tQn~ awt pw~vnR a#w.

@qv#nQ @k`n~@q~sQy vn~@n~ @k`tQn~@g~ mRhRqE sWm` nQr\Ny kQrWmy. 2002 @pbrv`rQ 22 q` lQy#vQl~ltm @g`dbQm @mn~m mRhR@q~ q sWm` a#wOU kQrWmt @n`~r\@v| a`N~dRv kYQy`kL q n`vQk hmRq` vQ@r`~{y nQs` ey ivw~ kr g#nWmt a`N~dRvt e~ avs~}`@v| sQqEvQy. a`N~dR@v| srNQn~ @k`tQ avQn#v| 13 k~ nQq#l~@l~ @gn a` awr avsn~ avQn#v pmNk~ n`vQk hmRq`v mgQn~ gQl~lvnR l#bWy. gOvn~y`n` @k`ts~ pRhRNR gOvn~ nQymRvn~ k`lwOvk~kO h` @r`ktQ avQ smM b#A@k`k~ @k`tQ avQ j`v`rm| kr#vn~ smM mRhR@q~ kQ. mQ. 4 k~ gQlWgQy @k`tQ n#v pQLQb[v s~v`x`vQkv pYx`krn~t s`Ak`vk~ a#wQvQy. ohR @n`~r\@v| nQ. vQ@q~X a#m#wQt ps~s h#rvR@y~y. s`kc|C`vlt @n`p#mQ@Nn bvt p`rm|b$@v|y. nmRw~ hqQsQ@y~m @k`tQ nQ@y`~jQw@y`~ jp`n@y~ s`kc|C` @m|syt p#mQNQyh. @k@s~q? wvw~ kp~pmk~ g#nW@mnQ. enm| a`N~dRv vQsQn~ @vr@l~ sQt s#wpRm| 20 k~ @k`tQ bl pY@q~X @ls pQLQg#nWmtw~, mRhRqE @k`tQ nWwQgw kQrWmtw~ ekM vW@mnQ.

a`N~dR@v| nQ@y`~jQwyQn~ @k`LB p#mQ@Nn~ntw~ pY}m apt @m| rhsQgw ekMw`vy q#ngn~nt l#bQNQ. m`r\wO 30 v#nQq` irQq` pRvw~pw~ @qkk mRl pQtR@v|m sQhL ur#my a`N~dR@v| kOmn~wYNy @hLQqrv| k@L~y. a`rk~;k aAXvl pY{`nWn~ @mn~m a`N~dR@v| a#m#wQvr#q a@pn~ v#dQqEr @w`rwOr# vQmsR nmRw~ a`N~dRv a#w~wtm krvn kOd` kOmn~wYNk`rW kl~lQy wmn~@g~ s#lsRm| avRl~vWm nQs` yLQw~ vQyr# v#tRnh. evQt a`N~dRvw~ - @k`tQw~ k@L~ InQy` stn~ vQr`m kl~lQy h` @tlQp~sn~ hrh` ekW @y`~jn` @gne~my. n`vQk hmRq`v eyt hrs~ vWm nQs` ekW @y`~jn`q ytgQ@y~y. q#n~ mRhR@q~ n`vQk hmRq` bly @tlQp~sn~t p#v#rW@m| nv @y`~jn` iqQrQpw~ vW a#w. @mhQ ewrm| @vnsk~ n#w. mn~q mRhRqE @k`tQ n`yk sR@syQ a#wOU ehQ ihLm n`ykyQn~ @b`@h`myk~ @n`~r\@v|hQ @bk~tQ @p`r\d| n`vQk vQq&`l@y~ pRhRNRv l#bRvn~ nQs`y. @k`tQn~t sQyU @q~ lb` @qn rj@y~ pYwQpw~wQy hrh` @m| vn vQt jWv uN~d x`vQw` krmQn~ uwOr# n#@gnhQr mRhRqE sWm`@v| s~}`n wOnk pRhRNRvWm| ktyRwO kQrWm s[h` el~. tW.tW. I. yt id pYs~}`v lb`qWmt a`rk~;k am`w&vry` wWrNy kr a#w. @mm wWrNy @gn a#w~@w~ n`vQk hmRq`pwQwOm`@g~ nQr\@q~Xy @n`wk` hrQmQnQ.

wOn~v#nQ @k`n~@q~sQy vn~@n~ @qmL Ilmt h` @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyt j`w&n~wr pYj`v iqQrQ@y~qW lAk`vt h` lAk` a`N~dRvt sm`n r`j& w`n~wYQk ww~w~vyk~ lb` g#nWmy. j`w&n~wr vX@yn~ @k`tRvW sQtQ @k`tQ wYs~wv`qWn~ InQy` s`kc|C` mgt pQvQsW@m| ek~ armRNk~ vR@y~q j`w&n~wr pQLQg#nWm lb`g#nWmy. ehQ ek~ pQyvrk~ @k`tQ whnm ivw~ kQrW@mn~ h` lAk` a`N~dRv sm`n p`r\X~vkr#@vkO @ls @k`tQ smM InQy` stn~vQr`m gQvQsRm aw~sn~ kQrW@mn~ l#bQNQ. @n`v#m|br\ 25 os~@l`~ a`{`r smRUvt @pr mQn~psR sQyU j`w&n~wr smRUvlt a`N~dRv h` @k`tQ sm`nyn~ @ls shx`gW vQyyRwOyyQ @p`@r`n~qE vR bv b`lsQAhm| pYk`X kr a#w. @v`;Qn~tn~ smRUv wmn~t shx`gW vWmt id@n`qW@mn~ ey kdkL bv @k`tQn~@g~ @c`~qn`vyQ.

a#w~@wn~m apYQ@yl~ 14 @v`;Qn~tn~ pRr\v smRUv g#n aqhs pL @kr#@N~ @n`v#m|br\ 25 q`my. rQcd| a`r\mQ@tQj~ mhw` psRv pYk`Xk@L~ wmn~@g~ r@tQ @k`tQ nWwQ vQ@r`~{W sAvQ{`nyk~ nQs` ovRn~v wm rtt a`r`{n` kL @n`h#kQ bvy. ovRn~ smM ekt v`dQvQy @n`h#kQ bvy. apYQ@yl~ 04 q` @k`tQ sAvQ{`n@y~ nQ@v|qn@yn~q @c`~qn` el~lkr wQbR@N~ e. jnpq a`N~dRvty. nmRw~ apYQ. 10 q` wm pqy @vns~ kL @k`tQ @c`~qn`v @n`~r\@v|t h` lAk` a`N~dRvt q#mRh. a#w~wm kw`v nm| b`lsQAhm| wmn~t e. jnpqy a`r`{n` krnR a#w#yQ pRl pRl` bl` sQtQ@y~y. eyt @pr ohR os~@l`~ hQqWq, psRv jWnWv` hQqWq e. jnpqyt axQ@y`~gyk~ kL awr ar\mQ@tQ- mhw` kptQ nrQ@ykOt upm` kr aph`syk~q k@L~y. a#w~@wn~m e. jnpqy wm r@tQ v`sy krn @k`tQ nQ@y`~jQw@ykOt h` r#q` kOm`rn~t apYQ@yl~ 14 smRUvt a`r`{n` k@L~y. ohR eyt shx`gW @n`vR@y~ ohRt @m`r@g`d, ak`XQ h` a`r\mQ@tQ- sm sx`pwQ ww~w~vy il~l` @n`l#bRNR nQs`y_ @m| anRv e. jnpqy h` @k`tQ awr mwOpQtQn~ @p@nn` a`k`r@y~ g#tRmk~ @n`vWy. e. jnpqy wmn~@g~ vQ@q~XWy wYs~w l#yQs~wOvl sQtQn al~kyQq` abRs`yQp~ @h`~ sq`m|@g~ b`w~ p`k~;Qkyn~ hB`yn prQqQ @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny hB` @n`yn bvq p#h#qQlQy.

@l`~k@y~ a`r\}Qk Xk~wQy @d`lr\ agymw qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qnyk~ @ls gw@h`w~ @l`@v| a`r\}Qk blvwOn~ vn~@n~ pQLQ@vLQn~ e. jnpqy, jp`ny, jr\mnQy, pYAXy h` bQYw`n&yy. nmRw~ x`N~d h` @s~v` agy mw qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQwy (CCC) gw@h`w~ @l`@v| ihLm a`r\}Qk blvwOn~ vn~@n~ e. jnpqy, cWny, jp`ny h` in~qQy`vy. e. jnpq hmRq` vlt qkONR a#m#rQk`v (p#nm`@v| @n`rWg`), ar`bQy (ir`k@y~ sq`m|) h` n#@gnhQr yR@r`~py (sr\bQy`@v| mQl@s`vQk~) phsR@vn~ jygw h#kQvRvw~ ovRnt q#v#n~w cWny, in~qQy`v @n`v vQytQn`my, m#@l~sQy`v @h`~ u. @k`rQy`v @h`~ yR{my @ls jyg#nWmt h#kQvn~@n~ n#w. e~ nQs` a`sQy`v s[h` ovRn~@g~ up`y vn~@n~ a`r\}Qk a`@y`~jn, wYs~wv`qy h` @bqEm|v`qy a`gmQk @bqWm| a`qQy wmn~@g~ avX&w` anRv prQhrNy kQrWmy. ehQqW pYx`krn~v ovRn~t qkONR a`sQy`v s[h` iw` v#qgw~y.

pYx`krn~@g~ sQv|@vnQ @k`n~@q~sQy vn~@n~ uwO@r\ @qmL pY@q~Xvlt a`N~dRvt l#bWmt yn r#. @k`~tQ 29,000 k~ vR Ny vlQn~ s`wQXy bhRwry l#bQy yRwO bvy. @qmL qEgWkm vd` pY`}mQk bv b`lsQAhm| av{`rNy kr a#w.

a`N~dRv 2001 qW blyt envQt lAk`@v| e~k pRq~gl Ny g#wQw`v r#. 77,000 k wQbRNR awr 2002 avsn~ vnvQt ey r#. 83,000 k~ vQy. 2005 vn vQt @q~XWy Ny g#nWm|q shQwv ey r#. 1,16,000 k~ @vw#yQ gNn~ bl` a#w_ a@nk~ awQn~ Ny a`{`r lb`g#nWm s[h` a`N~dRv vQsQn~ iqQrQpw~ kr a#wQ "pQbQ@qmR lAk`" (s^$T~;x;xT Ws^; K~xN~) lQy#vQl~l lAk`@v| j`wQk a`r\}Qky shmRlQn~m vQn`X krn lQy#vQl~lkQ. emgQn~ lAk`@v| pY`g~{n gQNRm nQqhs~ kr vQ@q~Xvlt r@tQ mRql~ a#wQwrm| rF@gny$mt id@qn bvq, mh b#AkO@v| h` @r\gO h` @q~XWy a`q`ym| aAXvl r`j& kYQy`k`rWw~vy sWm` krn bvq r`j& b#AkO h` mRl& @s~v` pRq~glWkrNy krn bvq pYk`X kr a#w. @wl~ h` vQqElQbl @]~wY pRq~glWkrNy kQrWmtw~ p`sl~ a{&`pny s[h` pRq~glQk kLmn`krN mN~dl pw~kQrWmtw~ @y`~jn` kr a#w. r@tQ idm|vl ayQwQy vQ@q~XQkyn~t h` @q~XWy a`@y`~jkyQn~t mh` prQm`N@yn~ ayw~ vn @ls idm| nWwQ sA@X`~{nyq @y`~jn` vW a#w. shl~, U$NR v#nQ @q~XWy @g`vQ nQ;~p`qn k`r\yk~;m h` wrgk`rW kQrWm s[h` vQ@q~X @g`vQ qYv&vlt a#wQ @r\gO bqE ivw~ kQrWmtq @y`~jn` kr a#w. jly, vn sm|pw, vnjWvWn~ h` jWv vQvQ{w~vy vQkQNWmtq, km|kr# nWwQ lQhQl~ kQrWmtq @y`~jn` kr a#w. e~ pQLQb[v @vnm lQpQyk~ lQvQy yRwO vRvw~ iw`m @ktQ@yn~ kQvyRw~@w~ XYW lAk`v a`r\}Qk e~kkyk~ @ls psRgQy qXk ph wOL lb`gw~ sQyU a`ywn qQy kr h#rWmt pQtR 222 kQn~ yRwO e~ lQy#vQl~l @y`~jn` kr a#w.

qkO@N~ a`r\}Qky e@s~ qQy kr hrQn a`N~dRv "pQbQ@qn @qmL ILmk~" s[h` kQYy`k`rW v#dsthnk~ @y`~jn` kr a#w. mRU Ny mRqlQn~ 50% kt a`sn~n pYm`Nyk~ enm| r#. @k`~tQ 14000 k~ v#y kQrWmt yn~@n~ e~ s[h`yQ. @myQn~ r#. @k`~tQ 9600 k~m v#y kQrWmt yn~@n~ @k`tQ bl pY@q~X s[h` bv v`r\w` @v|. qkO@N~ @q~Xp`lkyQn~ anRv ymQn~ @qmL n`sQv`qW @k`tQq q#n~ wm pY@q~Xvl sAvr\{n ktyRwOvlQn~ 30% k @k`mQs~ mRqlk~ ay krwQ. ovRn~ psRgQy vsr wOL pmNk~ emgQn~ upy`gw~ {ny (lAk` a`N~dR@v| mRql~vlQn~) r#. @k`~tQ 288 k~ bv v`r\w` @v|_ iwQn~ r#. @k`~tQ 9600 kQn~ ovRnt l#bWmt yn @k`mQs~ mRql @k`~tQ 3200 k~ @n`@v|q? @m|s` q#v#n~w mRqlk~ l#bWw~ @k`tQ ey wvw~ mqQ bv kQywQ. uwOr vQn`X k@L~ sQAhlyn~ @n`v @k`tQn~y. ey @g`dn#gQy yRw~@w~ e@s~ nm| ovRn~y. nmRw~ sQAhlyQn~ Ny k`ryQn~ kr @qmL ILm @g`d ng` g#nWmw~, wmn~@g~ mdQy uprQm @ls wr kr g#nWmw~ @k`tQn~@g~ up`yyQ. agm#wQ rnQl~t @my kQrWmt apQ id @qmRq? anQk~ awt @l`~k b#AkOv j`w&n~wr mRl& armRql v#nQ Ny @qn a`ywn Ny lb`qWmt @pr @n`@yk~ @k`n~@q~sQ rjyn~t pnvwQ. e@wk~ @k`tQn~t ev#nQ @k`n~@q~sQ p#n@vn~@n~q n#w. uq`hrNyk~ gw@h`w~ @k`tQ sAvQ{`ny ynR avQ a`yR{ qr` sQtQn m|@l~c|C mQnWmr# sAvQ{`nykQ. ehQ mr`@gn m#@rn @b`~m|bkr#@v`~ sQtQwQ. Lm` @s`l~q`qE@v`~ sQtQwQ. e@hw~ e~ kQsQvk~ ivw~ krn~n#yQ @m| Ny @qn a`ywn @k`tQn~@gn~ @n`il~lwQ. s#b#vQn~m j`w&n~wr avQ nQrWk~;k@y`~ pY}m@yn~m y` yRw~@w~ ml~l`vQ sh mRlwQv| @k`tQ k[vRr# wOL avQ r[v` a#wQ avQ a`yR{ prWk~;` kQrWmty. pRqEmy ey sQw` mw`m mM h#rWmyQ.

@k`tQ q#n~ @m| @k`n~@q~sQ qm` bl`sQtQwQ. jRnQ 10 q` r#. @k`~tQ 29000 a`N~dRvt l#@bn~@n~ wmn~ "InQy` s`my" whvRr# k@L`w~ pmNk~ bv @k`tQ qnW. e~ nQs` jRnQ 10 @pr h#kQw`k~ @q~ kp~pm| @lsw~, @q`L pQ@q~nQ @lsw~ qQn` g#nWm @k`tQn~@g~ armRNy.

@k`tQ hmR@v| q vQkl~p kWpyk~ a#w. pLmRv sQy @k`n~@q~sQ hwrm @h`~ s#lkQyyRwO pYm`Nyk~ (vQ@X~;@yn~m @k`mQs~ mRql~) l#@b| nm| yLQw~ v&`j s`kc|C` vtvlt shx`gQ vWmy. @k`tQn~@g~ InQy` ax&n~wr s~vyA nQr\Ny vR klW ovRn~@g~ hmRq` h` prQp`lny nWwQgw krn~nk~ mQs @k`tQ nQr`yR{ kr pYj`wn~wYv`qW Cn~q @q~Xp`lnyt p#mQ@Nn vQs[Emk~ @n`@v|. agm#wQ rnQl~ swQs~ nm|bQy`r\@gn~q il~l` a#wQ prQqQ a`N~dRvtq avX& qWr\Gk`lWn @ls @k`tQ hmRq`, mRhRqE @k`tQ, @p`lQsQ h` us`vQ nWwQgw kQrW@m| kYm@v|qykQ_ ey hqQsQ@y~ @n`v 2005 jn`{QpwQvrNy @wk~ @smQn~ @smQn~ kQrWm rnQl~@g~ up`yy. ey h#kQ ik~mnQn~ h#kQ uprQm @v|g@yn~ lb` g#nWm pYx`krn~@g~ up`yyQ. @k`tQ hmR@v| a#wQ ILM vQkl~py nm| s`kc|C` mgQn~ ivw~vR nmRw~ prQpRr\N yRq~{ykt @n`y` psRgQy k`l@y~ kL`k~ @mn~ tQkQn~ tQk sQy yRq Xk~wQy j`w&n~wr ww~w~vy wv wvw~ wmn~t sRxq`yW vn @wk~ vr\{ny kr g#nWmy. @n`e@s~ nm| b`l~r`j~ h` @p`tQtR am|m`n~ vQsQn~ q#ntmw~ s#lsRm| kr avQ h` pQrQs s~}`ngw kr a#wQ IL`m@y~ avsn~ stnt pQvQsWmyQ.

@k`tQ n#vw yRq vqQn bvk~ q#nt @p@nn~nt n#wQ nmRqE avX&w`vy uq`vR vh`m ovRn~ ey kYQy`w~mk krnR a#w. in~qQy`v @h`~ e. jnpqy @v|v` kQsQm vQ@q~X bl@v|gyk~ m#qQhw~ vWmt @pr XWGY@yn~ q#v#n~w yRq jygYhNyk~ lb` g#nWmt pYx`krn~ s#lsRm| kr a#wOv`t s#k n#w. ekvr @k`LB, wYQmly, vvRnQy`v, mdklpRv h` avs`n vX@yn~ y`pnyt phr @qnR a#wQ awr uwO@r\ wm yRq bly s~}`pQw vnvQt qkON shmRlQn~m vQsQrvWm ovRn~@g~ ilk~ky vQy h#k. eyt wmn~t e@rhQ vQy h#kQ pRq~glyQn~ G`wnyq a#wOLw~ kQrWmt @k`tQ ktyRwO krnR a#w.

psRgQyq` wYQml@y~ mRwSr\vl a#wQvR @qmL - mRs~lQm| g#tRm| pQtRps a#w~@w~q @k`tQn~@g~ @m| mh` prQm`N yRq up`yyQ. stn~ vQr`myt mRv`vW @k`tQ s`m|pRr\ h` mRwSr\ pY@q~Xvlt k`lwOvk~kO @gn a` awr k`lwOvk~kO bl a#NQyk~q w#nRh. @m| anRv cWn vr`y n`vQk h` gOvn~ hmRq` k[vRrq mn~kQbQYj~ vQ@X~; blk` k[vRrq shQw wYQml@y~ pY{`n a`rk~;k sAkWr\Ny @k`tQn~@g~ k`l wOvk~kO pr`syt ytw~ vQy. wQYml, mdklpR ~ -15 m`r\gy wm aNskt g#nWmw~ pvRl~wOdR@v| sQt mdklpRv qk~v` @vrL wWry v`k@r\ mRhRqE @k`tQ mRls~}`ny ytwt g#nWmw~ mRs~lQm| vQ@r`~{W pYh`rvl yRqmy y}`r\}yyQ. ey hkWm| a`N~dR@v| wb` g#nWmt mRs~lQm| mRl{r\mv`qyt kp~pm| @qnv`t vd` brpwl ww~w~vykQ.

a@nk~ awQn~ agm#wQ rnQl~t a#wQ vQkl~p @m`nv`q? ohR sQtQn~@n~ shmRlQn~m sQrvWy. ohR@g~ ekm @q~Xp`ln ilk~ky vR@N~ 2005 jn`{QpwQvrNy @wk~ @k`tQ smM s`my a#q@gn y$mty. 1990 - 93 k`ly a#wOLw p`s~krlQAgm|@g~ up@qs~ mw @pY~mq`s kL`k~ @mn~ uwOr pYx`krn~t qW qkON krvWm ohR@g~ upy` vQy. bQlQyn gNnk vQ@q~X Ny @k`n~wY`w~ h` @k`mQs~ mRql~ @p@nn` vQt yR. en~. pW. @y~ gj mQwOr# v&`p`rQkyn~ sQtQn~@n~ k$m @m|syt LAv sQtQn bdgQnQ sRnK rAcRvk~ @mnQ. nmRw~ @mhQ wOr#m|pRvk~ a#w. e~ pYx`krn~@g~ s`m shwQkyyQ. ey n#wOv Ny n#w. Ny n#wQv @k`mQs~ n#w. @m| nQs` @k@s~ @h`~ kOmk~ kr @h`~ pYx`krn~ s`m s`kc|C` @m|s@y~ wb` g#nWm rnQl~t aw&vX&y. @my pYx`krn~q qn~n` nQs` rnQl~t kL h#kQ pLmR @qy nm| pYx`krn~@g~ @k`n~@q~sQvlt ytvWmyQ. emgQn~ sQy a`rk~;k hmRq`, j`wQ@y~ a`rk~;`v h` a#w#m|vQt in~qQy`@v| a`rk~;k avX&w` prqEvt w#bWmyQ. q#nt @p@nn~nt a#w~@w~ ey rnQl~ kQrWmt yn vgkQ.

rnQl~t kL h#kQ @qv#nQ vQkl~py vR klW e. jnpqy lv` @k`tQn~t wr\jny kQrWmy. @kvQt @pn~n` s`kc|C` @m|syt @k`tQy` q#k~kvWmy. ehQqW e. jnpqyq @k`tQn~@g~ a#w#m| @k`n~@q~sQ lb`@qn @ls rnQl~t kQynR a#w.

rnQl~ hmR@v| a#wQ wOn~v#nQ vQkl~py nm| rtm smMQkr @k`tQ smM yRqv#q wYs~wv`qy p#rFqvWmy. wmn~t ey kL @n`h#kQ bv agm#wQ rnQl~ mhnRvrqW pYsQq~{Q@y~ kQy` a#wQ nQs`w~ a#w~@wn~m ey kQrWmt ohRt @n`h#kQ nQs`w~ ey sQqEvn~@n~ n#w.

a#w#m|vQt ir`k@y~qW h` u. @k`rQy`@v|qW @mn~ bthQr j`wWn~ e. jnpqy h` yR@r`~py @ls @k`tQ pQLQb[v kB a#qWmk nQy#@lnR a#w. a#w#m| vQt ovRn~ lAk`v aw~h#r qmnR a#w. n#w~nm| in~qQy`vt h` e. jnpqyt ekMw`vykt e~mt idqW p#w~wkt vnR a#w.

in~qQy`v nQhVv sQtQn bv @pnRnw~ ovRnt wvqErtw~ nQhVv sQtQy @n`h#k. 2004 in~qWy mh` m#wQvrNy eyQ. ehQqW wmQl~n`dR@v| a`sn 39 n~ bhRwry jygn~nv` a#w~@w~ bY`h~mN vAXQk @k`tQ vQ@r`~{W jyllQw`y. a@nk~ awQn~ 2020 qW sAvr\{Qw rtk~ vW@m| in~qWy s#l#s~m (ab|qEl~ sl`m|) ovRnt iw`m v#qgw~ kl`py qkONy. pkQs~w`nR mQsyQlvlQn~ a`rk~;`vWmt in~qWy a`r\}Qk@y~ eAjQm vn~@n~ wmQl~n`dRv h` @k~rlyyQ. @m| nQs` blvw~ @bqEm|v`qW in~qWy vQ@r`~{W pYx`krn~ @k@nk~ in~qQy`v ivsn~@n~ n#w. in~qQy`v wm mv @ls slkn a`nn~q sAgrW pv` ivsn~@n~ n#w.

q#n~ sQAhlyn~ kL yRw~@w~ kOmk~q? agm#wQ rnQl~t @k`tQ @k`n~@q~sQ itR kQrWmt id @n`qWmy. sQAhlyQn~ q#n~ kL yRw~@w~ an`gw bQykr# yRq~{y pQLQb[v sQAhlyQn~ bQypw~ krn @k`L @k`tQn~@g~ m`nR;Qk yRq~{yt ap bQy vQy yRwO n#w. @k`tQ yR{ kryQ nm| kvr ww~w~vyk~ yt@w~ @h`~ ey pr`jy kQrWm s[h` sQAhlyQn~ mRU v#r @y`q` stn~ kL yRwOy. ev#nQ stnk a`rm|xk psRb#sWm| a#wQvQy h#kQmRw~ avsn~ jygYhNy hQmQvn~@n~ sQAhlyQn~tyQ. e~ mh` arglyt @q~X@p~YmQ mRs~lQm| h` @qmL @s`yRrn~q ek~kr gw yRwOy. kl`pWy h` vQ@q~XWy blvwOn~@g~q sh`y lb`gw yRwOy. nmRw~ @m| mh` p`v`qWm kL "@k`L @k`tQ" kl~lQy nm| bl@yn~ ivw~ kL yRwOmy.

a@p~ j`wQk vWryQn~ vR qEtR g#mRNR h` vQjyb`hR yn @q@qn`m bQhQvR@n~ sQAhlyQn~ bQw~wQyt @h~w~wO kr wQbRNR vQty. q#n~ uq`vW a#w~@w~q ev#nQ @m`@h`wkQ. enm| g#mRNR - vQjyb` prpR@r\ @m`@h`wyQ.