2008 ayv#@y~ h#dr#v

lbn vr\;y (2008) s[h` vn r`j& ayv#y @l~Kny lbn @n`v#m|br\ 07 v#nQq` p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ kQrWmt rjy wWrNy kr wQ@b|. ayv#y vR klW r@tQ an`gw gmn~ m@g~ qQX`nwQy @pn~vn pY{`nwm @l~KnyyQ. @m| nQs` ayv#yk an~wr\gw @q~ r@tQ an`gwy wWn~qE krn awr jnw`v@g~ jWvQwyt q imhw~ blp$mk~ a#wQ kryQ. @m| nQs` ayv#yk~ ynR iw` wWrN`w~mk lQyvQl~lkQ. q#ntmw~ mh` x`N~d`g`ry vQsQn~ 2008 ayv#y sm|p`qnyt aq`L sQylE m`r\@g`~p@q~X h` up@qs~ lb`@qmQn~ sQylE am`w&`AX @l~km|vr#n~ pL`w~ sx` pY{`n @l~km|vr#n~ sh @qp`r\w@m|n~wO pY{`nWn~ @vw ckY@l~Kyk~ nQkOw~ kr a#w. @m| psRbQm wOL ap @m| lQpQ@yn~ s`kc|C` krn~@n~ 2008 ayv#@y~ h#dr#v pQLQb[vyQ.

blyt en o|n$m rjyk~ r`j& mRl& h` sm|bn~{ ktyRwOvlqW p`r\lQ@m|n~wO@v| nQsQ anRm#wQy lb`g#nWm aw&vX& k`rNyk~ @vyQ. @myt @h~wOv nm| XYW lAk`@v| r`j& mRl& pQLQb[ sm|pRr\N vgkWm h` p`lny mRUmnQn~m p`@h~ p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt p#vrW wQbWmyQ. @m| nQs` vQ@X~; nWwQ mgQn~ anRmw kr a#wQ vQyqm| kQhQpyk~ (uq` - jnpwQ v#tRp h` vQXY`m v#tRp) h#@rn~nt XWY lAk`@v| r`j& mRql~ p`ln@y~qW kQsQm vQyqmk~ p`r\lQ@m|n~wO anRm#wQykQn~ @w`rv sQqEkL @n`h#kQ vWm vQ@X~; lk;NykQ. @m@s~ r`j& mRl& ktyRwO sm|bn~{@yn~ p`r\lQ@m|n~wO anRm#wQy lb`g#nWm s[h` p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ krn pY{`nwm @l~Kny vn~@n~ ayv#y @l~Kny @hvw~ vQsr\jn pnwyQ. s`m`n&@yn~ ayv#yk~ @n`v#m|br\ m`s@y~qW p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ kr @qs#m|br\ m`s@y~qW sm|mw krgw yRwOy.

lbn ayv#@y~ a@p~k;Qw k`lsthn rjy q#ntmw~ pYk`Xyt pw~kr a#w. @m| anRv mh` x`N~d`g`r@y~ j`wQk ayv#y @qp`r\w@m|n~wOv vQsQn~ psRgQy jRlQ 25 v#nQq` rj@y~ vQyqm| qrn a`ywn @vw ayv#y sks~ kQrWm pQLQb[ m`r\@g`~p@q~X h` mg@pn~vWm sh m{&k`lWn vQyqm| r`mRv a#wOLw~ ayv#y ckY@l~Ky nQkOw~ krn lqW. in~ psR iqQrQ ayv#@y~ mRlQk ayv#y r`mRv sh m{&k`lWn vQyqm| r`mRv psRgQy a@g`~s~wO 15 v#nQq` k#bQntQ mN~dlyt iqQrQpw~ kL awr e~ s[h` a#m#wQ mN~dl anRm#wQy l#bQNQ. ayv#y @l~Kny lbn @n`v#m|br\ 07 v#nQq` p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ kQrWmt q a#m#wQ mN~dl anRm#wQy e~ smgm l#bW wQbQNQ.

mh`x`N~d`g`r @l~km| a`c`r\y pW. bW. jysRn~qr mhw` nQkOw~ kr wQbR j`wQk ayv#y ckY@l~Kyt anRv sQylEm rj@y~ am`w&`AX, @qp`r\w@m|n~wO sh vQyqm| qrn a`ywn vQsQn~ ikOw~ a@g`~s~wO 30 v#nQq`t pY}m sQy v#y a#s~w@m|n~wO mh` x`N~d`g`ryt evQy yRwO vQy.

e@s~ evR vQysm| a#s~w@m|n~wO pQLQb[v ekW vQyqm| qrn a`ywn smg mh` x`N~d`g`ry vQsQn~ lbn s#p~w#m|br\ 10 v#nQq` qk~v` sm`@l`~cn ktyRwO sQqEkr lbn s#p~w#m|br\ 12 v#nQq` vn vQt em a#s~w@m|n~wO pQLQb[v avsn~ nQgmnykt eLBWmt mh`x`N~d`g`ry bl`@p`@r`w~wO @v|. e~ anRv vQsr\jn pnw~ @ktRm|pw sks~ kr lbn s#p~w#m|br\ 19 v#nQq` vn vQt am`w& mN~dl anRm#wQy s[h` @y`mRkQrWmt q rjy bl`@p`@r`w~wO @vyQ. @mkW 2008 vQsr\jn pnwt a#m#wQ mN~dl anRm#wQy lq psR lbn ok~@w`~br\ 10 v#nQq` em vQsr\jn pnw~ @ktRm|pw pLmRvn vr kQyvWm s[h` p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ krnR a#w. lbn @n`v#m|br\ 07 v#nQq` mRql~ h` kYm sm|p`qn a#m#wQvry` vX@yn~ jn`{QpwQ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` vQsQn~ ayv#y @l~Kny p`r\lQ@m|n~wOvt iqQrQpw~ kQrWmt nQymQwy. ayv#y @qvn vr sh @wvn vr kQy#vW@m| vQv`q lbn @n`v#m|br\ 09 v#nQq` sQt @qs#m|br\ 14 v#nQq` qk~v` p#v#w~vWmt q rjy q#nt qQn vkv`nR nQym kr@gn wQ@b|. @m| ap sthn~ k@L~ 2008 vs@r\ ayv#y sm|p`qn kYQy`vlQy s#lsRm| kr a#wQ ak`ry pQLQb[vyQ.

q#nt mRql~ h` kYmsm|p`qn am`w&`AXy ilk~k kr a#w~@w~ lbn vs@r\ (2008) sms~w ayv#y hQMy qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ @ls sQyyt 6.6 qk~v` adRkr g#nWmtyQ. wvmw~ gw@vmQn~ wQ@bn @m| vs@r\ (2007) sms~w ayv#y hQMy qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ @ls sQyyt 7.9 kt sWm` krgw h#kQ vnR a#w#yQ q rjy~ a@p~k;` kryQ. rjy q#ntmw~ pQLQ@yl kr a#wQ m#qQk`lWn r`j& mRl& r`mRvt (2006-2010) anRv vr\; 2010 vn vQt sms~w ayv#y hQMy qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ @ls sQyyt 5 qk~v` adRkr g#nWmt q ilk~k kr a#w.

@m| awr qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ vX@yn~ rj@y~ sms~w a`q`ym sQyyt 19 qk~v`q, bqE a`q`ym sQyyt 17.2 qk~v` q sh bqE @n`vn a`q`ym sQyyt 1.8 qk~v` q ihL nAv` g#nWmt rjy ilk~k kr a#w. r`j& vQyqm| gw~ kl 2008 vs@r\qW qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ vX@yn~ rj@y~ mRU vQyqm sQyyt 25.6 qk~v` sh rj@y~ vr\wn vQyqm sQyyt 18.1 qk~v` adRkr g#nWm rj@y~ ilk~kyyQ. 2007 vsr ag vn vQt rj@y~ sms~w Ny pYm`Ny qL @q~XWy nQ;~p`qQw@y~ pYwQXwyk~ @ls sQyyt 93 k~ vQy. @my lbn vs@r\qW sQyyt 82.3 qk~v` q vr\; 2010 qW sQyyt 75 qk~v` adRkr g#nWmt q rjy ilk~k kr wQ@b|.

@m| awrm rj@y~ sQylEm am`w&`AX sh @qp`r\w@m|n~wO wm sAvr\{n v&`p^wQ s[h` vR kYQy`k`rW s#lsRm| prWk;` kr bl` e~v`@y~ armRNRvl s[hn~ ilk~k spRr` @n`gw~ avs~}` a#w~nm|, e~v` h[En`@gn aq`L g#tlE mghrv` g#nWm s[h` kYm@v|qyn~ sks~ krgw yRwO bvt q mh` x`N~d`g`r @l~km| a`c`r\y pW. bW. jysRn~qr mhw` ekW a`ywnvlt wvqErtw~ q#nRm| qW wQ@b|.

@m| ap sthn~ k@L~ 2008 ayv#@y~ h#dr#v pQLQb[ kr#NR kQhQpyk~ pmNy. ayv#y s#lsRm| sh ayv#y a@p~k;` krn y}`r\}yk~ bvt pw~kr g#nWmt nm| rjyt nQsQ mRl& vQnyk~ sh a`r\}Qk kLmn`krNyk~ p#vwWm aw&vX& k`rNykQ. @m| k`rN` r`j& mRl& ktyRwOvlqW itRvn~@n~ nm| ayv#@y~ jnw` a@p~k;`vn~ q itRvnR a#w. @m| jnw` a@p~k;` jnw`v @vnR@vn~ avAkv itRkQrWmt rjyt avX&w`vk~ wQ@b| nm| m$wqW eLQqEtR @k`~p~ (k{C$- v`r\w`vlQn~ q#ntmw~ rtt @hLQqrv| kr a#wQ vAc` h` qR;Nvlt sm|bn~{ vrqkr#vn~t nQsQ qVRvm| lb`qWm q aw&vX& k`rNyk~ bv q kQv yRwOyQ.