rj@yn~ sQylR vrq`n l#b as~v#n~n
@m`~lRn~t qn~ @qn mhv#lQ @g`vQ@y`~

rw~n bW. e~kn`yk

a{Qk @ls rs`ynQk @p`@h`r @yqWm nQs` @n`pWqENR kOBRrk @g`ym|.

rjy mhv#lQyk~ nQr\m`Ny k@L~ @mrt bwQn~ s~vyA @p`~;Ny kQrWm s[h`y. kl`p hwkt @bq` @vn~ kL mhv#lQy mgQn~ alE@wn~ kOBRr# as~vq~q` vQX`l bQm| pYm`Nyk v`rQm`r\g a`XYQw vW vg`v v&`p~w krn lqW. @myQn~ pY}m@yn~m a`rm|x kL mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@y~ pmNk~ kOBRr# ak~kr asR qhsk~ pmN iqQkL awr jnpq pvRl~ 35000 k~ pmN vW @g`vQw#n jWvn m`r\gy @k`t @m|v`@y~ pqQAcQ krvnR l#bWy. @m| s[h` rjy r#pQyl~ @k`~tQ qhat qhsk~ pmN vQ@q~X NyvlQn~ v#y krnR l#bWy.

@mm iqQkQrWm|vlqW kOBRr# @hk~ty`ryk~ @hvw~ ak~kr 2 4·1 k @kw~bQm| @ls v`rQm`r\g phsRkm| @y`q` sks~ kQrWmt rjy r#pQyl~ qX lk~;yk~ pmN v#y krnR l#bWy. vQ@q~XvlQn~ Nyt gw~ mRqlQn~ r#pQyl~ qX lk~;yk~ ek~ kOBRr# pAgOvkt v#y@k`t em kOBRr# pAgO vW vg` kQrW@m| @k`n~@q~sQy yt@w~ s$m @g`vQpvRlktm @n`mQl@y~ @bq` @qnR l#bWy. rj@y~ v`rQm`r\g a`Z`pnw yt@w~ @m| kOBRr#vl vW mQs @vnw~ kQsQvk~ vg` kL @n`h#kQy vQy.

a`rm|xk yRg@y~qW rjrt v#hQPl aqt vd` @h`[vWm nQs` jl ar\bRqyk~ n#wQv mhv#lQ ec| kl`p@y~ @g`vQ@y`~ yl mh @qkn~nym vW vg` kLh. nmRw~ vsr kWpyk~ yn vQt v#sQPL adRvWm, @p`l~@g`l~l jl`Xy @r`n~mdvlQn~ wO@nn~ ekk~ pmN pQrWy$m v#nQ @h~wOn~ nQs` yl~ kn~n@y~ vg`vt jly mqQ p`dR vW@mn~ mhv#lQy mgQn~ @g`vQyn~ awQ@r\k @b`~g vg`vn~ s[h` @p`LBvnR l#bWy. @m| vnvQt mhv#lQ ec| kl`p@y~ kOBRr#vlQn~ 40% k pmN @k@sl~, p#@p`l~, qEA@k`L, @s`~y`, bd irQMO, @l`kO U$nR, eLvU v#nQ vg`vn~q smhr w#nk @p`l~ q sQtRv` a#w. vW hqn~nt @k`~tQ qhat qhsk~ v#y@k`t iqQkL mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@y~ aq ww~w~vy kOmk~q. sQyyt hwLQhk wrm @vnw~ @b`~g vg`kQrWm nQs` ak~kr asRqh@sn~ vg` @k@rn~@n~ 60% k pmN enm| ak~kr 48000 k pmNQ. ak~kr 32000 k vW as~v#n~n enm| vW @mtQtQYk~ @t`n~ 64000 k wrm| pYm`Nyk~ q#n~ mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@yn~ @n`l#bW yyQ. a@p~ r@tQ shl~ hQMyt @myq ym| pYm`Nykt blp` wQ@b|. @mhQqW blvw~ @ls mhv#lQy kQy` sQtQn~@n~ jl ar\bRqyyQ. nmRw~ ec|. kl`py wOL bQn~n bhQmQn~ pvw~n` jl ar\bRqy vQs[Wmt @m@wk~ mhv#lQy gw~ pQLQym kOmk~q? psRgQy @n`v#m|br\, @qs#m|br\ m`svl kl`v#v q uwOr` @g`s~ kl` o@y~q gAvwOr a#wQvQy. @mm m`r\wO m`s@y~q kl`v#v uwOr` @g`s~ kl`o@y~ gAvwOr a#wQ vQy. mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@y~ pvw~@n~ jl u_nw`v nm| @m@s~ uwOr`

pQt`rgln jl k[ @g`vQw#n s[h` rFk g#nWmt mhv#lQy gnR l#bR kYQy` m`r\gy kOmk~q?.

mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@y~ kOBRr# ak~kr asR qhsk~ ek~ kn~nyk~ p#s~svWmt ak~kr adQ wOn~lk~;yk~ enm| kl`v#v @mn~ wOn~gONyk~ jly avX& bv mhv#lQ v`rQ iAjQ@n~r#vr# kQywQ. @m@s~ q#dQ jl u_nw`v pvwQq~qW vrQn~ vr kl`v#v v#sQ jly@yn~ uwOr` yyQ. e@s~ uwOr` yn jly ek~ rFs~ @k`t wvw~ awQ@r\k jl`Xyk~ @h`~ @qkk~ a#wQ krn lq~@q~ nm| mhv#lQ ec| kl`p@y~ jl ar\bRqy mRUmnQn~ vQs[W@g`s~ yl~ kn~n@y~qW s`r\}k @ls vW vg` kQrWmt h#kQ @v|. 1997 qW mhv#lQ bl{`rWn~ vQsQn~ mhv#lQ ec| kl`py pRnr#w~}`pnyt y#yQ kQy` wvw~ r#pQyl~ @k`~tQ 205 k~ @l`~k b#AkO@vn~ Nyt lb`gw~h. rtt h` mhv#lQ @g`vQjnw`vt a`qryk~ wQbRN` nm| mhv#lQ bl{`rWn~ kL yRwOv wQbR@N~ @m| Ny mRqlQn~ @k`tsk~ @h`~ @y`qv` @k`~n~v#v kQrQ amRN @k`@l~ v#nQ v#vk~ a`XYQwv wvw~ gbd` jl`Xyk~ iqQ kQrWmyQ. e@s~ krn @ls @g`vQ jnw`v il~l` sQtQyh. nmRw~ mhv#lQ bWrQ alQyn~ e@s~ k@L~ n#w. ovRn~ e~ r#pQyl~ @k`~tQ 205 lb`@gn pRr#qE prQqQ rjyq @g`vQjnw`vq rvtn lqW. q#n~ v#hQk`lyt kl`v#@vn~ jly uwOr` yyQ. yl~ kn~nyt vg`vt jly n#wQv @v|@lyQ. prg#wQ cQn~wnvlQn~ smhr sQw~ swn~ nhvnR l#bR i[El~ wvmw~ @s~qW @g`s~ n#w. a@p~ rt h` @g`vQjnw`v g#n hQwn~nt ovRn~@g~ olE @gdQvl id n#w~@w~ e~ nQs`y.

mhv#lQ ec|. kl`py x`r @n~v`sQk kLmn`k`r asAk gONwQlk mhw` q#n~ kQyn~@n~ ec|. kl`p@y~ kOBRr#vlQn~ sQyyt 80% k~ pmNk~ yl~kn~nyt vg` krn @lsyQ. iwQrQ 20% jly n#wQkm nQs` vg` @n`krn @ls ohR av{`rNy kryQ. epmNk~ q n#w. vg`krn sQyyt asRvk bQm| pYm`N@y~ pv` awQ@r\k @b`~gvlt pYmRKw~vy qW vW adR@vn~ vg`krn @ls ohR kQyyQ.

@mm wWrNy g#nWmt @h~wOvW a#w~@w~ kl`v#vt jly spyn ekm jl gbd`v vR @k`w~m@l~ jl`Xy wvmw~ pQrW pvwQn~@n~ sQyyt 55% k~ pmNk~ vWmy. jRlQ a@g`~s~wO m`svlqW rjrt vQyLQ k`l gONyk~ a#wQ@v|. em vkv`nRvt vr\;`vw~ n#wQvW @k`w~m@l~ jl`X@y~w~ jly n#wQvRv@h`w~ @g`vWn~ q#dQ aphsRw`vt pw~@v|. y@l~ vg`vn~ m#rW yn~nt pRUvn. kl`p@y~ kOBRr#vlQn~ 80% k~ pmNk~ ylt vg`krn~nt kQyn~@n~ e~ nQs`y. @mm wWrNy nQs` sQqEvn~@n~ v`rQ kLmn`k`rvr#n~@g~ kL mn`krN@y~ qEblw`vyn~ nQs` asrN @g`vQ jnw`v qVRvm| vQ[WmyQ.

rjy vW a@lvQ mN~dlyw~ @prtR kr @gn vW as~vnR rFs~vn k`lyt vW tQkk~ mQlt @gn gbd` kr g#nWmt p#mQNQ@y~ iqQrQ@y~qW a#wQ vQy h#kQ @mv#nQ axQ@y`~gvlt mRhRNqWm s[h`y. nmRw~ rjyw~ rj@y~ prm aqhsw~ @l`kO @m`~lEn~ vQsQn~ pr`jy kr qm` @k;~wY@y~ p#v#wQ qQybw~ vR vW pv` kQ@l`~v r#pQyl~ 28 w~ 30, 32, 35 v#nQ mQl gNn~vlt mQlqW @gn ovRn~@g~ q#v#n~w vW @m`~l~vl aq`L yn~wYvlt qm` @v|l` @gn sQylE vW gbd` krgw~h. q#n~ vW e~k`{Qk`ry @g`nRvW a#w~@w~ @l`kO @m`~lEn~ @vwy. rjy in~qQy`@vn~ @h`~ shl~ @gn#vQw~ jnw`v@g~ bw srQkr vQy yRwO y#yQ uw~s`h k@L~ e~ nQs`y. nmRw~ e~ uw~s`hy as`r\}k vW rjy vW shl~ pYX~n@y~qW an~q mn~q vW sQtW. @mhQqW rjyt gw h#kQ ekm kYQy`m`r\gy nm|, hqQsQ nWwQ aN pnw~ yt@w~ @h`~ aw&vX& @s~v`vk~ bvt pw~ kQrW@mn~ @h`~ @mm yl~ kn~n@y~qW m`s wOnk~ v#nQ @ktQ k`lWn b`lml~vW vr\g s$m kOBRrkm vg`kr vWmy. @mhQqW mwOvn mRlQk g#tlEv bQw~wr vW y. q#ngn~nt l#bW a#wQ prQqQ b`lml~ bQw~wrvW vr\g k^;Qkr\m @qp`r\w@m|n~wO@v|q n#w. bhR j`wQk sm`gm| LM smhr @g`vQyn~ LM @l`kO kOd` vW @m`~l~ hQmQyn~ LM v#s~st @n`@wmRNR b`l ml~ vW vr\g wQ@bn~nt pRUvn. aw&vX& @s~v` yt@w~m em sRqEsR vW vr\g gY`m nQl{`rW h` vW a@lvQ mN~dl@y~ nQl{`rWn~ mgQn~ ek~ rFs~ @k`t @g`vWn~t @bq` qW@m| v#dpQLQ@vLk~ a#wQ kQrWm aw&vX& vW wQ@b|. mhv#lQ ec|. kl`p@y~ @n~v`sQk v&`p`r kLmn`k`r mhw` s[hn~ kL prQqQ vwOr hQMvn~@n~ jRlQ, a@g`~s~wO m`svlt nQs` It klQn~ a@pY~l~ m`s@y~ ag x`g@y~qW vw~ b`l ml~ vW v#pRr#@v`w~ vW vg`v @b|r` g#nWmt b#rQkmk~ n#w ynR@vn~ apQ vvmR rt ngmR v#dsthn yt@w~ vw~ @mv#nQ kdQnm| v#dpQLQ@vLk~ kYQy`w~mk vQy yRwOv wQ@b|.

r@tQ a`h`r @b`~g avq`nmk~ vr\{ny @vmQn~ pvw~n` @m| avqQ@y~ vQ@X~;@yn~ mhv#lQ @g`vQy`@gn~q rt h` wm` @vnR@vn~ @l`~kyt Ny @gvn r@tQ @ssR jnw`v @vnR@vn~ yRwOkmk~ itRvQy yRwOv wQ@b|.

@l`~k@yn~ Nyt @gn r#pQyl~ qX lk~;yk~ v#y @k`t iqQkL @hk~ty`ryk kOBRr @g`vQy`t rjy @n`mQ@l~ lb`qW a#w. e@s~m mhv#lQ ec| kl`p@y~ @n~v`sQk v&`p`r kLmn`k`r asAk gONwQlk mhw` s[hn~ krn prQqQ ek~ @g`vQykO@g~ kOBRr# pAgOvkt kn~nkt jly lb` qWmt rjyt r#pQyl~ hyqhsk~ vQyqm| @v|. e@s~ nm| avRr#q~qkt jly s#pyWm @vnR@vn~ rjy vQ[Qn p`dRv r#pQyl~ @q`@L`s~ qhskQ. ILMt rjy vW @g`vQy`t q#n~ rs`ynQk @p`@h`r @qn~@n~ nQkm|m v`@g~y. ek~ @p`@h`r mQtQyk~ r#pQyl~ 3700 b#gQn~ mQlqW gn~n` @p`@h`r mQtQ hwrk~ ak~kryk~ vg`krn @g`vQykOt r#pQyl~ 1400 kt lb` @qyQ. @m| @p`@h`r s#pyW@mn~ ek~ @g`vQykO @vnR@vn~ rjy lbn p`dRv r#pQyl~ 134000 kQ. vsrkt p`dRv r#pQyl~ 26800 kQ.

rjy r#pQyl~ qX lk~;yk~ v#y@k`t w#nR kOBRr l#bR@N`w~ @n`mQ@l~ avRr#qE pw` vsrkt jly s#pyWmt r#pQyl~ 12000 b#gQn~ rjy vQyqm| qr`@gn @g`vWn~t @n`mQ@l~ jly lb`@qyQ. avRr#qE pw`m vsrkt r#pQyl~ 20800 b#gQn~ ek~ @g`vQykO @vnR@vn~ p`dR vQ[@gn rjy rs`ynQk @p`@h`r spy` @qyQ. e@s~ nm| a`h`r @b`~g pQLQb[ avq`nmkt pw~vW a#wQ @m| avs~}` @v| wmn~ @vnR@vn~ @l`~kyt mhv#lQ Ny @gvn @ssR jnw`v@g~ kOsgQn~qr nQvWm s[h` wmn~ nQpqvn sQylE vW tQk rjy gnR lbn mQlkt rjyt b`rqWm @m| avs~}`@v| mhv#lQ @g`vQ jnw`v@g~ prm yRwOkmkQ. e@s~m r@tQ a`h`r avq`nmt pQhQt vWmkQ. nQsQ pR@r`~g`mWw~vyk~ h` mg @pn~vWmk~ krnR l#bRv @h`w~ mhv#lQ @g`vWn~ @m| prQw&`gyt iqQrQpw~ vnR e~k`n~wy.