bRq~{Q@y~ s~vr\Nmy vQl`sQw` ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v

"y@mkO p$nk~ x`vQwyt gn~@n~ nm| ohR @n`qn~n` bv qn~n` @k@nkQ."

: XOq~{ vR al~kOr`Ny

(sRr` al~ alk~ 96(4 : 5)

@l~Kny pQLQb[v is~l`m@y~ a#w~@w~ eb[E pQLQg#nWmkQ. @l~Knvl an~wr\gwy mwO @n`v ehQ a`k^wQy, ak~;rvl h#dy g#n q s#lkQlQmw~ vn mRs~lQm| sAs~k^wQy lQvW@m| vQl`sQw`vtq pYmRKs~}`nyk~ lb` qW wQ@b|.

ey ~r\isj k~kkstr\cyh @hvw~ ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v @ls v{r\ny vR@y~ kOr`Ny @l~Kngw vR x`;`v ar`bQ vWm nQs`y. aw~ akOr#vlQn~ h#dg#n~vRNR ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v aq mRqYQw m`{&@y~ qQyRNR ak~;r vr\gvlt sh ak~;r vQl`sQw` qk~v` vr\{ny vW a#w~@w~ e~ psRps Xk~wQmw~ sAs~k^wQk aw~wQv`rmkQn~ svQbl g#n~vRNR a`k^wQyk~ a#wQ @hyQnQ.

"aw~ akOr# ynR bRq~{Q@y~ s~vr\Nmy vQl`sQw`vkQ"

: abR hyQy`n~ al~ kvQhQqQ

ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v is~l`mWy q^X& kl`@v| sh nQr\m`N`w~mk x`v@y~ pY`}mQk mRhRNRvrkQ. xS@g`~lWy vX@yn~ vQhQqW gQy is~l`mWy @l`~k@y~ ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v pQLQbQBR krn~@n~ vQcQwYvw~ bv sh s`mRhQkw~v@y~ e~kmQwQyyQ. mRs~lQm| @l`~k@y~ sAs~k^wQk vtQn`km| ar`bQ ak~;r kl`@v| @s_n~qr\y mRl{r\mvlQn~ pr`vr\wny @k@r\. @ssR ak~;r kl`vn~t vd` ar`bQ ak~;r kl`vl a#wQ @vns~km| sQyRm|v g@v|;Ny krn~@nkOt aq`L sAs~k^wWn~hQ hr pq~{wWn~ vth` gw h#kQy.

ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v qQyRNR vR@y~ v#qgw~ kl`w~mk aAgyk~ sh @q~v`x`;Qw kYQy`k`rkmk~ @lsQnQ. ak~;r kl`v @ls pQtpw~ vn~@n~ kOr`n~ p`Ty. XOq~{ vR al~ kOr`Ny @ls sthn~vW a#w~@w~ al~l` @qvQyn~@g~ @q~v v`k& b#v| is~l`mWy b#wQmwOn~@g~ vQX~v`syyQ. e~ anRv ak~;r kl`v ynR @q~vx`;Qw sthn~@k`t w#bW@m| pRN& kYQy`vk~ @ls em XQl~pWhR s#lkSh.

evkt mRs~lQm| sm`jy wOL q s`m`n& rFkQy`vk~ krn~@nkOt s`@p~k~;v v#qgw~ w#nk~ ak~;r kl` XQl~pWn~t hQmQvQy. ovRn~ @q~vx`;Qw sthn~ krn~nn~ @ls s#lkWm It @h~wOvyQ.

"lQvWm ynR @x_wQk upkrNvlQn~ krn a`gmQk a#qhWmkQ."

is~l`mWy vQq~vwkO vn al~ amRlQ@g~ y@}`k~w pYk`Xy wOL mRs~lQm| sm`j@y~ e~ pQLQb[v a#wQ pQLQg#nW@m| s~vx`vy vth` gw h#kQy. e@hyQn~m ak~;r kl` XQl~pWn~ em k`r\yy itR k@L~ a`w~mWy pYk`Xnykt pQLQbQBRvk~ @lsQnQ. ar`bQ bsQn~ ak~;r kl` XQl~pQy` h#[Qn~@vn~@n~ al~kt`tQ (~K : Ny~e~e: nmQnQ. ohR pQn~w`r#kr#vkOt vd` @vns~ v^w~wWmy XQl~pQ@ykQ. v^w~wWmy ak~;r kl` XQl~pQykO ynR is~l`mWy h^q s~pn~qny gYhNy kr gw~@wkO bv @ewQh`sQk is~l`mWy @l~Knvl sthn~vW wQ@b|.

is~l`mWy ak~;r h#dg#n~vW a#w~@w~ @r`m|bsWy wQw~ pqnm| kr@gny. e~ anRv s#ksRNR j&`mQwQk mRl{r\m ul~lAGny @n`@k`t @mm ak~;r rt` nQr\m`Ny kL yRwOy. e~v`@y~ j&`mQwQk nWr\Nyn~ s#ksRvkO @ls ib|n~ mRk~lk~ (;ib PmRk~y: iwQh`sgw vW a#w. ak~;r kl`v wOL s$m akOrktm hQmQ a`@v|NQk sAymyk~ wQbQy yRwO vg X`s~wYvn~w@y`~ av{`rNy krwQ. k#lQgY#fQ (k~kkstr\cyh: ynR alAk`r lQvWmyQ. m{&k`lWn av{Qy vn vQtw~ ey qQyRNR kl` XQl~pyk~ @ls vr\{ny vW wQbQN. @mm alAk`r lQvWm| wOL kl`w~mk pYk`Xn @mn~m a`gmQk pYk`Xn an~wr\gw vQy. sQyv@sn~ sQyvst ar`bQ ak~;r kl`v v&`p~w vR@y~ vQvQ{ @@XlWn~vlQnQ. aw~akOr# mRqYQw akOr#, v#lQ akOr# sh XQl` ak~;r v#nQ vQvQ{ mRhRNRvrvlQn~ e~v` vQq&m`n @vyQ.

qkO@N~ sQt vmt kQyvn akOr# 28 kQn~ yRw~ ar`bQ @h`~dQ@y~ mRlQk h#d 18 k~ a#w. Itw~ amwrv a#w#m| akOr#vl h#dy @vns~ vn~@n~ vcn@y~ mRlt, m#qt @h`~ agt @y@qn a`k`ry mwy. enm| ekm ak~;ry pqyk mRlt @y@qn vQt ek~ h#dykOw~, m#qt @y@qn vQt wvw~ h#dyk~ sh agt @y@qn vQt Itw~ @vns~ h#dykOw~ gnW.

ak~;r kl`v kOr`N@y~ h` XOq~{ vR gYn~}vl pQtkvr s#rsQlQvlt sh is~l`mWy v`s~wO vQq&`w~mk nQr\m`N s[h` pRr`wn@y~ bhRlv @y`q` @gn a#w. em v`s~wO vQq&`w~mk nQr\m`N awOrQn~ ms~jQqy @hvw~ is~l`mWy @q~vs~}`ny pYmRKy. @vnw~ a`gm|vl sQq~{s~}`nvl @mn~ mRs~lQm| @q~vs~}`n alAkrNy s[h` bQwO sQwOvm| @h`~ pYwQm` x`vQw` @n`krn bv apQ qnQmR. @b_q~{ sQq~{s~}`nvl vQ@X~;@yn~ bQwO sQwOvm|vlt sh pYwQm`vlt v#qgw~ w#nk~ lb`qW a#wQ awr gYWk@y~ @h`~ @r`~m@y~ nQr#vw~ @qvQ @q~vw`vn~@g~ r$p @vnw~ a`gmQk sQq~{s~}`nvl q#kQy h#kQy. mQnQs~ r$p @h`~ pYwQm` a#wQ nQ@vs~vlt @q~v qRwyn~ @n`p#mQ@Nw#yQ yn pQLQg#nWmk~ is~l`mWy sm`j@y~ a#w. e~ anRv eb[E pYwQm`, r$p @h`~ bQwO sQwOvm| @vnRvt is~l`mWy @q~vs~}`nvl bQw~wQ s#rsQlQ s[h` @p`qE@v| @y`q` g#@nn~@n~ ar`bQ ak~;r kl`vyQ. e~v`@y~ mk~km qQX`vt (kQb|l`v) @k~n~qY vR mQh~r`b| nm| vR ad kv avk`Xvl sh mQn~dr\ nm| vR a`gmQk @q~Xn (kOw~b`) p#v#w~@vn us~ smwl bQm| k@dhQ alAkrNy s[h` @mm kl`v up@y`~gW kr@gn a#w. @y~mn@y~ a#wQ @q~vs~}`nvl ar`bQ ak~;r shQw pQMn~ g@d`l~vlQn~ srs` wQbWm vQ@X~;w~vykQ. ir`n@y~ is~fh`n~hQ lEw~fl`h~ @q~vs~}`n@y~ a#wQ kOr`n~ p`T rFgw~ vQsQwOr# pQMn~ g@d`l~ s#rsQlQ @l`~k pYkty.

pRr`N ar`bQvr#n~ lQvWm s[h` @y`q` gw~@w~ wWn~w, bRr#sR sh q#h#tQkSr#y. kYQ. v. 751 qW cWn@y~ kdq`sQ h[En~v`qWmw~ smM lQvW@m| kl`@v| sn~{Qs~}`nyk~ a#wQ vQy. It @pr lQvWm s[h` @b`@h`~ vQt up@y`~gW kr gw~@w~ sw~v hm| sh p#pQrs~ pwYy.

mRlQn~m kdq`sQ wnn lq~@q~ kpRvlQnQ. @s~q @h`~ @vnw~ @k[Q vr\g q a#w#m| vQt @m| s[h` up@y`~gW kr g#nQN. vr\wm`n@y~ @b`@h`~ vQt mWt amRqYv& @ls @y`q` gn~@n~ q#vmy pl~pykQ. evkt p#v#wQ kdq`sQ mw lQyn lq~@q~ m^qE gl~ vr\gykQnQ. y`n~wm| qQs~vn @r\K` mw mRlQk h#dwl sthn~ krgw~ psR e~v` mw ak~;r kl` sthn~ kr a#wQ vgt pRr`wn s`k~;Q a#w.

ak~;r kl`@v| @y@qn XQl~pWn~ ey itR k@L~ XYq~{`vkQnQ. ovRhR @q~vx`;Qw pQtpw~ kQrWmk~ nQs` em k`r\yyt @pr @qvQyn~ u@qs` vn~qn` krwQ. anwOr#v a`w~mWy p`rQXOq~{x`vykQn~ ak~;r kl` XQl~p@y~ @y@qwQ.

is~l`mWy ak~;r lQyn upkrNy h#[Qn~@vn~@n~ kl`m| (R~k~p: nmQnQ. kOr`n~ p`T pQtpw~ kQrWm s[h` @my mRlQkv x`vQw` vQy. 10 vn sQyv@s~ a#rBQ 16 vn sQyv@s~ wOr\kQ@y~ sQyRm| kl`vk~ @ls v#dW vr\{ny vR @mm ak~;r kl`@v| pY{`n @@XlWn~ 05 k~ a#w. e~v` nm| @k@rn~@n~ n;~k~, kOlEw~, mRhk~kk~, ns~tlQk~ sh rQk` ynR@vnQ.

pLmR @@XlQy (ns~k~) pYQymn`p mRqYN akOr# s[h`w~. @qv#n~n (kOlEw~) @@XlQy pqvQ n`myk~ @h`~ uph#rNyk~ sthn~ kQrW@m| pYw`pvw~ ak~;r @@XlQyk~ @lsw~, wOn~v#n~n (mRhk~kk~) @pr s[hn~ s`m|pYq`yQk @@XlWn~@gn~ ob|bt gQy akOr# h#dyk~ @lsw~ x`vQw vQy. sQv|v#n~n vR ns~tlQk~ ak~;r @@XlQy 14 h` 15 vn sQyvs~vlqW ir`n@y~ pRUl~v x`vQw vW a#wQ awr pr\sQy`nR @r`m$n~tQk~ h` gOp~w k`v&yn~ pQtpw~ kQrWmt em @@XlQy bhRlv @y`q` g#nQN. iw` sksRr#vm|, lQvWmt phsR rQk` @@XlQy wOr\kQ sh ar`bQ x`;` @l~Kn@y~qW vd`w~ jnpYQy vW a#w.

mWt vd` @vns~ @@XlWn~q ak~;r kl`v s[h` x`vQw` @k@r\.

nQr\m`N`w~mk ak~;r kl`v vQsQn~ sww`x&`sy il~l` sQtW. 1530 vQsR sRl~w`n~ fkWr\ mWr\ alQ pvsn~@n~, ymkO @m`@h`wk @h`~ ax&`sykQn~ @w`rv sQtQn~@n~ nm|, aw~l mw q#mR mr@w`~N~dQy rt` m#kW yn~n`k~ @mn~ ak~;r kl` @k_Xl&q m#kW y` h#kQ bvyQ. @mm ak~;r kl` @p`w~ km|b alAkrN h` v`s~wO vQq&`w~mk nQr\m`Nvlt amwrv k`sQ, a`xrn, vs~wY, a`yR{, upkrN h` pQn~wSr alAkrNytq up@y`~gW kr g#@n~. @s_qQ ar`bQ@y~ j`wQk {jy mw @k`L p#h#wQ psRbQ@m| sRqE p#h#wQ ak~;rvlQn~ "l` il`h il~ll~l`hR mRhm|mqEr\ rsRlEl~l`" ynR@vn~ ar`bQ bsQn~ sthn~ vW a#w~@w~q cQwY ak~;r kl`@vhQ apRr\vw~vy pYk`X krmQnQ.

is~l`mWy vQq~vwkO vR y`sWn~ hmWd| sf`qQ 1978 qW lQyR sQy @l~Knyk @m@s~ sthn~ kr a#w.

"is~l`mWy ak~;r kl`v @l`~k x`vQwyk~ bvt pr`vr\wny vW a#w~@w~ il~s`m| yn vcn@yn~my. qQv&my pNQvQd sn~nQ@v|qny em kl`@vhQ ek~ armRNk~ vn~@n~y."

v#qgw~ kl`Agyk~ sh xk~wQmw~ kYQy`k`rkmk~ @ls s#l@kn ak~;r kl`v mRs~lQm| sAs~k^wQ@y~ kYQy`k`rW pQLQbQBRvk~ @mn~m mRs~lQm| kl`@v| sh v`s~wO vQq&`@v| sAklnyk~ vR q^X& kl`Agyk~ @ls q pQLQg#@n~.