ajQw~ alh@k`~n~, kBRr#pQtQy : pW. el~. jyvr\{n, m`wr : @k~. ec|. pQy@s~n, mRltQyn : @k~. vsn~w, pRhRl~v#l~l : pQyq`s @htQtQa`rc|cQ, m`lQm|bd : tW. @k~. sRgwq`s, wQh@g`d : ar#N p@l`l~pQtQy

m`w^ xSmQ@y~ smgQy @vnR@vn~ @m@hvr kQrWm s[h` jnw` hq g#s~m h[Enn s`hQw&kr#v`t a@p~ iwQh`sy vQsQn~ vQX`l vgkWmk~ pvr` a#w#yQ kBRr#pQtQy n`rn~@qNQy m{& mh` vQq&`lyWy up`lQ vQjyvr\{n X`l`@v| p#v#wQ 2008 r`j& s`hQw& sm|m`n u@L@l~qW jn`{QpwQ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` pYk`X k@L~y.

psRgQy 11 v#nQq` sQt m`wr kBRr#pQtQy n`rn~@qNQy m{& mh` vQq&`lyWy prQXY@y~ p#v#wQ j`wQk s`hQw& kl` m@h`~w~svy @p@r\q` (14 q`) nQm`vt pw~ vR@y~ jn`{QpwQ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` awQn~ vQXQ;~t s`hQw&kr#vn~t r`j& sm|m`n pRq kQrWmw~ smgy.

psRgQy vs@r\ pYk`Xyt pw~ kL sQAhl, @qmL sh iAgWYsQ s`hQw& gYn~} awOrQn~ vQXQ;~t k^wQ @w`~r` e~v`@y~ kwOvr#n~t sm|m`n pRq kQrWm @mhQqW sQqEvQNQ.

lQyn@g~ amrkWr\wQ (atvk pRw~wO) @h`[m nvkw`v, @@vq& gONq`s amr@s~kr (vQl~@wr mrNy), @h`[m @ktQ kw` sAgYhy lk~X`n~w awO@k`~rl (ytQ vQyn), @h`[m k`v& sAgYhy rw~nXWY

vQ@j~sQAh (a`lkmn~q`), @h`[m gWw rcn` k^wQy kpQl vWrsQAh (@k`L p#l~lm), @h`[m vQq&` pYbn~{y cn~qn @mn~dQs~, (@XY~;~T @l~Kkyn~@g~ vQXQ;~t @ktQkw`) @h`[m prQvr\wn @ktQkw` k^wQy s~vr\Nk`n~wQ r`jpk; (a#n` k#nQsQn`), @h`[m prQvr\wn nvkw` k^wQy hQrQpQtQ@y~ pz~zkQw~wQ hQmQ (x`rwmRnQ vQrcQw n`t& X`s~wYy), @h`[m vQvQ{ vQ;y k^wQy a`c`r\y @pY~mq`s XWY alvw~w@g~ (p#rNQ sQAhl vQv`h sAs~k^wQy), @h`[m vQvQ{ vQ;y k^wQy a`rQyvAX rNvWr (Is~kQls~@g~ o@rs~tQy`nR n`t& wQYky), @h`[m prQvr\wn n`t& k^wQy @mvr sm|m`n@yn~ pRq l#bRh.

It amwrv @h`[m nQm`@vn~ yRw~ gYn~}y @vnR@vn~ es~. a#n~d|. es~. pQYn~tr\s~ q 2007 vs@r\ vQ;y`nRgwv v#dQm @p`w~ sAK&`vk~ pYk`Xyt pw~ kL a`ywny @ls es~. @g`d@g~ sh s@h`~qr@y`~ q, @h`[m pQtkvry s[h` (sR@nwY` r`jkr#N`n`yk@g~ vQcQwY vWr\yy) fs~tQ a#d| hQ @pY~m| qQs`n`yk q r`j& sm|m`n@yn~ pQqEm| l#bRh. s`hQw& @vnR@vn~ kL vQXQ;~t @s~v`v @vnR@vn~ pRq @k@rn ihLm sm|m`ny vn s`hQw&rw~n sm|m`ny mh`c`r\y e~. tW. sRrvWr, mh`c`r\y a. ;n~mRgq`s~ yn mhw~vr# sh y;~mQn~ gONrw~n mhw~mQyt pRq krn lqW.

It amwrv psRgQy vs@r\ pYk`XQw iAgWYsQ sh @qmL vQXQ;~t s`hQw& k^wQvlt q sm|m`n pRq @krQNQ.

sAs~k^wQk h` j`wQk ur#myn~ pQLQb[ am`w&`AXy vQsQn~ sAvQ{`ny kL r`j& s`hQw& sm|m`n pYq`@n`~w~sv@y~qW jn`{QpwQ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` @m@s~ q kWy.

@m| 51 v#nQ r`j& s`hQw& sm|m`n u@Llt shx`gQvWmt l#bWm pQLQb[ mm iw`m swOtR @vnv`.

mm @m| s`hQw& sm|m`n pYq`@n`~w~svyt shx`gQ @vn~@n~ s`hQw&{r@yk~ h#tQytvw~ m#qQhw~kr#@vk~ h#tQytvw~ @n`vn bv pYk`X krn~n o|n. pW. bW. @s~n`n`yk kQyn s`hQw&{ry` vw`vk~ @m| sm`j@yn~ il~lWmk~ kL` s`hQw&kr#vn~ vWmt @v@h@sn qr#vn~ vWryn~ @k`t slknv`. ovRn~ a@@{r\y krn~n vLk~vn~n ep`. ovRn~v qQrQgn~vn~n kQyl`.

mm aq @mwnt a`@v| e~ vWryn~t @g_rv krn~n. s`hQw&krN@y~ @y@qn uqvQy vWrvryn~ h#tQyt slkn~n. e~ v@g~m e~ ayt r`j& @g_rvy pQrQnmn~n o|n kQyn q#dQ vQX~v`syk apQ in~nv`. a@p~ am`w&vry` ey q#dQ@s~ vQX~v`s krnv`. rjy ey vQX~v`s krnv`. e~ nQs` rj@y~ k`r\yy vQy yRw~@w~ @m| jn sm`j@y~ hqvw mns vd` sRsA@v|qW @qyk~ bvt pw~ krn s`hQw&yt m#qQhw~vWm @n`@vyQ. anRgYhy qk~vn ek.

m@g~ vQX~v`sy Lm` prpRrtw~ wr#N prpRrtw~ s`hQw&@y~ @q`rtR vQv^w kr ovRn~ e~ @l`~kyt vd` @h`[Qn~ pQvQsvQy yRwO bvyQ. wr#Nyn~ v@g~m a@p~ Lm` prpRr s`hQw&krN@y~ @y@qn~nw~ s`hQw& rs vQ[Qn~nw~ x`;`vn~ kQhQpyk~ adRm wr@m| @qkk~vw~ i@gngw yRwOyQ. apQ j`wQyk~ h#tQyt awWw@y~ s`hQw&@yn~ @p`@h`sw~ vR@N~ @k`@h`mq, aq v@g~m a@p~ rtt @n`@yk~ sm|pYq`yn~ x`;` s`hQw&@yn~ a#wOUvWmt @q`r h#r wQbRN` kQyl mm vQX~v`s krnv`. eq` s`hQw&krN@y~ @yqEn smhr pVQvr# e~v@g~ @}rvr# ;d| x`;` pr@m|;~vr# yn n`m@yn~ h#[Qn~vRv`. ovRn~ sQAhl x`;`v pmNk~ @n`@vyQ x`;` hy hwk~ @h`[Qn~ qn~n` uqvQy. ew@k`t aq s`hQw& k`r\y@y~ @y@qn ay awrQn~ kW@q@nk~ nm| x`;` hy hwk~ qn~nv` q kQyn~n mm qn~@n~ n$. @k`@h`m vRNw~ rjyk~ h#tQyt a@p~ k`r\yy @vn~n o|n iAgWYsQ a#wOUv x`;` a{&`pnyt m`r\g s`q` @qn ekyQ. q#ntmw~ apQ iAgWYsQ a{&`pnyt v@g~m @qmL a{&`pnytw~ phsRkm| vQX`l vX@yn~ spymQn~ sQtQnv`.

e~ v@g~m a@p~ wr#N jnw`vt q#nRm qQyRNR krgn~n @l`~kyw~ ek~k gnR@qnR krn~n avX& nvWn w`k;NQk phsRkm| apQ gmt @gnl~l` wQ@ynv`. iwQh`s@y~ pL@vnQ vw`vt n#Nsl hrh` prQgNk w`k;Ny apQ gmt @gn`v`. mm agY`m`w&vry` vX@yn~ in~n@k`t sQyyt 5 k~ vX@yn~ wQbRN @m| r@tQ prQgNk q#nRm aq sQyyt 25 qk~v` ihL nAvn~n pRUvn~km l#bRN`. @m| sQyl~l krl` apQ a@p~ wr#N prpRr p#rNQyn~ n#gpR pQtg#tyk~ mw i[@gn vQ@v|k gn~nv` qkQn~n k#mwQ n$. aq j`wk kw` @p`w~ vhn~@s~w~ @vb| advQy os~@s~ vQX~vyt ekwO@vl` ivryQ. a@p~ wr#N prpRrt @m| w`k;NQk @l`~kyw~ ek~k ekwO @vn~n avX& prQsry apQ @g`dnM` wQ@bnv`.

@mwn in~n @p`w~ pYk`Xkyn~@g~ rj~jRr#@v`~ kQyl` vQr#q`vlQy lbpR @g`d@g~ m#wQwOm` v#nQ ay @g`dn#gON a`k`ry qkQn~n l#bWmw~ eb[E @qykt anRgYhy qk~vn~n l#bWmw~ mt aq @l`kO swOtk~ @g@nn k`rNyk~. apQ qn~nv` s`hQw& pvwQn~n nm| eb[E @p`w~ kr\m`n~wkr#vn~ p#vwQy yRwOyQ. apQ s`hQw&yt m#qQhw~vWm @n@vyQ @mb[E @p`w~ kr\m`n~wkr#vn~ @g`dn#AvWmt aw hQw qWm kL yRwOyQ.

psRgQy qvsk @k`LB kWYd` uw~svyt p#mQNQ y`p@n~ qr#@v`~ arlQygh mn~qQryt a`v`. @m| qr#@v`~ mt @pn~n` qEn~n` wYs~wv`qy nQs` apQ qErs~@vl` in~n pYm`Ny. apQ @m`nwrm| qErt qErs~ krl` wQynvq @m| wYs~wv`qy nQs`. aq sQAhl jn sm`jyt @qmL jn sm`j@y~w~ @qmL jny`t sQAhly`@g~w~ hq g#s~m vthgn~n b#rQ@vl` wQ@ynv`.

wYs~wv`qWn~t @qmL bRq~{Qmw~ kl`kr#vn~ s`hQw&@v|qWn~ @k`pmN nm| bQlQ vRN` q, wYs~wv`qy nQs` @qmL s`hQw&{ry` @k`pmNk~ nm| upn~ bQm| awh#rl` gQy` q, apt aq @m| @qmL s`hQw&{ry` n#wQv ovRn~@g~ hq g#s~m @w~r#m| gn~n pRUvn~ q, a@p~m rt wOL jWvw~ vn a@p~m @k`tsk hq g#s~m @w~r#m| @n`@gn @l`~k s`hQw&yt apt @qyk~ ekwO krn~n pRUvn~q.

e@hnm| aq @m| sm`jy wYs~wv`q@yn~ mRqv` gn~n e~ @ewQh`sQk pQyvr apQ wbl` wQ@ynv` kQyn ek mwk~ krn~n o|n. s`myw~, sm^q~{Qyw~ wQ@yn w#n s`hQw& kl`@v| s~vr\Nmy yRgy eL@Bn bvyQ vQX~v`s krn~@n~. em nQs` jn sm`j@y~ hq g#s~m h[Enn s`hQw&kr#v`tw~ @l`kO vgkWmk~ wQ@ynv`. m`w^ xSmQ@y~ smgQy @vnR@vn~ obt @m@hvrk~ krn~n iwQh`sy pvr` wQ@bnv`. @m| @m`@h`@w~ ey @w~r#m|gw yRwO y#yQ mm vQX~v`s krnv`.

mm vQ@q&`~qy vQX~vvQq&`l@y~ v#d krn k`@l~ mt mwkyQ s`hQw& jnw`v @vnR@vn~ q n#wQ nm| s`hQw& s`hQw& @vnR@vn~ q kQyl` vQX`l v`qyk~ wQbRN`. aq e~ v`qy nQm` @vl` q n#wQ nm| e~ pYX~ny mwO kL @ewQh`sQk k`rN` @vns~@vl`. e~ v`qy avlAgO @vl` q#yQ mm qn~@n~ n$. nmRw~ m` qn~n` ek~ sw&yk~ wQ@ynv`.

vQ@X~;@yn~ mvR bQm ek hVQn~ j`wQk smgQy il~l` k$ghn @m`@h`wk s`hQw& kl`v @q~XWy @p`qE il~lWm| @vnRvn~ @prmRN gw yRwO y#yQ kQyn vQX~v`sy m` wOL wQ@ynv`. s`hQw&kr#v` @q~Xp`lnyt p`r @pn~vn~@nk~ vQy yRwOyQ. hmRq` @sbL`t m`r\gy @pn~vn~@nk~ vQy yRwOyQ. sQylE pRrv#sQyn~ j`wQk uvmn`vn~ @vnR@vn~ @pLg#s~vW@m| ktyRw~w @vnR@vn~ pYqWp`g`ryk~v ktyRwO krn~n o|n kQyl` mm vQX~v`s krnv`.

sAs~k^wQk a#m#wQwOm` il~lWmk~ kL` ILM s`hQw& uw~svy kQlQ@n`c|cQ@y~ pvw~vn~n. apQ @m| k`r\yx`ryw~ h#kQ ik~mnQn~ avsn~ krl` @m| r@tQ sQylE pRrv#sQyn~t, y`pn@y~ @v|v`, kQlQ@n`c|cQ@y~ @v|v`, hm|bn~@w`t @v|v` sQylE jnw`vt ekt aw~v#l~ b#[@gn jWvw~@vn~n pRUvn~ sm`jyk~ rt wOL bQhQkrn~n ktyRwO krnv`. e~ k`r\yx`ry itRkrn~n pRUvn~km l#@byQ kQyn vQX~v`sy ap wOL wQ@ynv`.

a`r`{Qw @q~Xny pvw~vmQn~ @@vq& gONq`s amr@s~kr mhw` : 1983 qW pY}m vQ{`yk jn`{QpwQ @j~. a`r\. jyvr\{n mhw` m`wrt p#mQN nQr\xy axWw pYk`Xyk~ kL`. s`hQw& i@gn g#nW@mn~ v#dk~ n$. s`hQw& hq`r` qErk}nyk~, ywOr# p#qQyk~ gw h#kQq? aBR qr#vn~t kn~n @qn~n pRUvn~q a#hRv`. in~ psR s`hQw&kr#@v`~ ewOm`t @q`s~ kWv`. @m| pN~dQwyn~t @j~. a`r\. jyvr\{n mhw` kL @q~ @n`@w~rWm h` adR q#nRm nQsyQ e@s~ @q`s~ kW@v|. @j~. a`r\. jyvr\{n sQAhl s`hQw& ewrm| @n`q#n sQtQyw~ bthQr h` gWYk s`hQw& @h`[Qn~ q#n sQtQy`. @h`[ s`hQw& q#nRmk~ ewOm`t wQbRN`. ohR eq` kL pYk`Xy ap vth` gw yRwOyQ. ohR eq` sm`j a`r\}Qk vQpr\y`syt s`@p~k~;vyQ ap e~ pYk`Xy slk` b#lQy yRw~@w~.

ohR bly gw~ psR sRb s`{n a`r\}Qk kYmy n#wQ krl` ytw~ vQjQw a`r\}Qkyk~ a#wQ kL`. vQ@X~;@yn~m sAs~k^wQk a`kYmNy nQs` @m|kt vQ@r`~{y p$v. @m| jnw` uq~@G`~;Ny m#dlWm s[h` @j~. a`r\. jyvr\{n upkYm @qkk~ @yqEv`. ekk~ ewOm` hqn~n wWrNy kL a{r\mQ;~T r`j&yt {r\mQ;~T @l~bly @yqEv`. s`hQw& kr#vn~t nQqh@s~ nQr\m`N kQrWmt id qW@mn~ wmn~@g~ @m| v#d pQLQ@vL iqQrQyt @gn y` @n`h#kQ bv ohR q#ngw~w`. enQs` wmyQ ohR s`hQw& i@gn @gn plk~ n$ kQy` eq` kW@v|.

ohR eq` s`hQw&kr#@v`~ g#n s`hQw& g#n b@yn~ kw` kL`. eq` ohR kW @q~ a#w~wq n#w~wq yn~n @n`@v| vsr vQsQphkt psRv ap a#sQy yRw~@w~. e~ by s@h~wOkq a@h~wOkq kQy`yQ. psRgQy vsr 25 wOL @mrt bQhQ vR s`hQw& @qs blq~qW @j~. a`r\. jyvr\{nt a#wQ vR@y~ @b`r# bQyk~. @m| r@tQ sQqE vR mh` @prLQ, xW;N, mh` n#gQtWm|, psRgQy vsr vQsQ ph wOL a@p~ s`hQw&@yn~ nQr\m`Ny vR@N~ n#h#. psRgQy k`l@y~ v@g~m aq s`hQw&@y~ ww~w~vyw~ e~km wmyQ. @m`kk~q @m|kt @h~wOv. ey pr\@y~;N kL yRwO k`r\yyk~. s`hQw&kr#v` pY`Z@yk~, bRq~{Qmy sAv`qyk~ rt wOL wQbR@N`w~ pmNyQ s`hQw&kr#vn~t hrvw~ s`hQw&yk~ kL h#k~@k~. @q~Xp`lkyn~, bRq~{QmwOn~, vQq~vwOn~ vQsQn~ @m| sAv`qy @gn a` yRwOyQ. e~w~ nQqhsQn~ psR evn~ bRq~{Qmw~ sAv`qyk~ a#wQ vR@y~ n$. @m| rt p`lny kL vQ@q~XQkyn~ anRgmny kQrWm mQs jnw`v smM s~v`{Wn rtk~ @ls sAv`q kQrWmk~ @m@wk~ sQqEvR@y~ n$. e~ nQs` a@p~ s`hQw& @kLQn~m anRk`rk vRN`. a@p~ s`hQw&kr#@v`~ k@L~w~ vQ@q~XWy s`hQw& @qs bl` nQr\m`N kQrWmyQ.

sAs~k^wQk h` j`wQk ur#myn~ pQLQb[ a#m#wQ mhQn~q y`p` a@b|vr\{n mhw` : m`wr ynR rj @k@nk~ n#wQv s`hQw& @g`dn#gONR pY@q~Xyk~. pN~dQw sM prpRrk~ vQsQn~ @g`dnM`pR s`hQw&yk~ m`wr wQ@bnv`. m`wr upn~ ay @ls apt ur#myk~ wQ@ynv` @m| r@tQ s`hQw&y sh a`rk~;`v s[h` ktyRwO kQrWm.

apQ a@p~ qr#vn~t a@p~ h#qQy`v, cr\y` {r\m, XQk~;Ny lb` @n`qW @k`wrm| kn~n @b`n~n qEn~nw~ v#dk~ n#h#. ILM s`hQw& kl` m@h`~w~svy kQlQ@n`c|cQ@y~ pvw~vn~n agm#wQwOm` I@y~ apt avsr lb`qEn~n`. e~ s[h` apt jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~ a`XQr\v`qy avX&yQ.